Heat Induced Gels from Coconut Press Cake Proteins

Borges Chambal, Björn Bergenståh, Petr Dejmek

Department of Food Technology Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Faculty of Engineering, Eduardo Mondlane University, DEQUI, Maputo, Mozambique.

DOI: 10.4236/fns.2014.56066                

Abstract

Freeze-dried coconut press cake powder (CPP), 43% w/w protein, was used to investigate the heat-induced gelation by heating in rheometer to 75℃ in a wide range of pH values, from 4 to 9. Low strain oscillatory method applied the measure visco-elastic propertieson 15% w/w CPP. The gel strength was also assessed by a texture analyzer. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was conducted to identify the proteins evolved in the gel network structure and the gel micro-structure was also evaluated. At low pH, the CPP proteins formed soft (elastic modulus <100 Pa) particulate gels prone to syneresis, with aggregate size of the order of 4.2 micrometers. In the alkaline region, homogenous gels were induced by heating. Gel strength started to increase dramatically from 64℃ to 67℃, for pH 9 and pH 8 respectively, reaching the maximum gel elastic modulus over 1000 Pa at pH 9. The SDS-PAGE showed that the polypeptide sub-unities at 24, 32 - 34 and 53 kDa were the most prominent in gelation.

Keywords

Heat-Induced; Gel; Coconut; Press-Cake; Globular Proteins; Rheology; pH

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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