TITLE:
Informing Primary School Nutritional Policy: Effects of Mid-Morning Snacks on Appetite and Energy Control
AUTHORS:
Penny L. S. Rumbold, Caroline J. Dodd-Reynolds, Emma J. Stevenson
KEYWORDS:
Primary School Policy; Mid-Morning Snacks; Milk; Fruit; Appetite; Energy Intake
JOURNAL NAME:
Food and Nutrition Sciences,
Vol.4 No.5,
May
13,
2013
ABSTRACT:
The purpose of this
research was to inform primary school nutritional policy by identifying which
mid-morning snack would be more beneficial to consume from an appetite control
perspective. During morning break 14 girls and 11 boys were provided with 160
ml of semi-skimmed milk or153 gof apple in a randomised crossover manner. Visual analogue scales were used to
record hunger, prospective food consumption and fullness, immediately before
and after breakfast, immediately before and after the mid-morning snack, and
every 60 min until 21:00 on each day. School dinner/packed lunch energy intakes were assessed 90 min following the
mid-morning snacks, in addition to evening energy intake. Children felt less
hungry and could eat less when apple was consumed, however lunch and evening
energy intakes were not different. Fluctuations in appetite did not translate into differences
in energy intake therefore both milk and fruit should be promoted as
mid-morning snacks in primary schools.