Assessment of Gross Chemical Composition, Mineral Composition, Vitamin Composition and Amino Acids Composition of Wheat Biscuits and Wheat Germ Fortified Biscuits

Hanan M. K. E. Youssef

Home Economic Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

DOI: 10.4236/fns.2015.610088                

Abstract

Wheat germ is reckoned valuable healthful functional food. The present investigation was performed to assess nutritional status of wheat biscuits and wheat germ fortified biscuits. Study included determination of gross chemical composition, caloric value, minerals (Mn, Ca, Fe, Cu, P, Na and K), vitamins (C, Folic acid, A, and E), and amino acid composition of wheat biscuits and 15%, 20% wheat germ fortified biscuits. Likewise physical and sensory characteristics of studied biscuits were assessed. The data revealed that 20% wheat germ fortified biscuits proved to be nutritious functional healthful food. It improved both physical, sensory characteristics and recorded the highest crude protein (12.20%), crude fiber (2%), and the least fat (9.63%), moisture (3.01%), and caloric value (436.31 Kcal/100g). While it recorded the highest Mn and Cu contents as well as increased vitamins C, Folic acid, A, and E. Besides, 20% wheat germ fortified biscuits increased all the eight essential amino acids contents resulting in an improvement of the nutritive value of wheat biscuits. Therefore it could be recommended for caloric reduced diets for obese and overweight persons. Likewise, it should be increasing interest as an ingredient in the industry as functional and healthy foods formulations as biscuits, bread and cakes.

Keywords

Wheat Biscuits, 15%, 20% Fortified Wheat Biscuits, Gross Chemical Composition, Minerals, Vitamins, Amino Acids Caloric Value, Physical, Sensory Characteristics

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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