5-Aminolevulinic Acid (5-ALA): Analysis of Preclinical and Safety Literature

Michael H. Perez, Beatriz L. Rodriguez, Terry T. Shintani, Keitaro Watanabe, Setsuko Miyanari, Rosanne C. Harrigan

Cosmo Oil Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Ho-nolulu, USA.
Department of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Ho-nolulu, USA;Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, USA.

DOI: 10.4236/fns.2013.410131                

Abstract

Problem: 5-ALA has been used for many years at relatively high dose amounts in single doses for photodynamic therapy and immunofluorescence of tumors. An analysis of compiled data relating to safety and any side-effects about the use of 5-ALA at low doses has not yet been published. Purpose: This report analyzes data about the safety of the use of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid (5-ALA) in low doses as a supplement over an extended period of time. Methods: This investigation is a systematic analysis of the current literature ((Medline, and SBI) and snowballing techniques) related to the safety and efficacy of 5-ALA in animals and humans. Clinical trials in progress using 5-ALA were also analyzed. Constant comparative analyses were used to synthesize the findings. Results: The safety of low-dose 5-ALA as a supplement has been demonstrated by animal and human studies. The results suggest that none of the investigations document the presence of symptoms or abnormal laboratory results of clinical significance. The minor laboratory changes documented were judged not clinically significant.

Keywords

Photodynamic Therapy; 5-Aminolevulinic Acid; Heme; Safety

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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