TITLE:
Fetal Macrosomia in the Maternity Ward of the Community University Hospital: Risk Factors and Maternal-Fetal Prognosis
AUTHORS:
Gertrude Rose Lima Kogboma Wongo, Thibaut Boris Clavaire Songo-Kette Gbekere, Rodrigue Herman Doyama-Woza, Alida Koirokpi, Siméon Matoulou-M’bala Wa-Ngogbe, Jean-Thimotée Hounda-Godro, Norbert Richard Ngbale, Abdoulaye Sepou
KEYWORDS:
Fetal Macrosomia, Risk Factors, Maternal-Fetal Prognosis, CHUC
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Vol.14 No.10,
October
15,
2024
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Fetal macrosomia is a birth weight greater than or equal to 4000 grams. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of macrosomia, to identify the risk factors, and to evaluate the maternal and perinatal prognosis in the obstetrics and gynaecology department of the Community University Hospital Centre (CHUC). Methodology: This was a retrospective case-control study over a period of 24 months in the maternity ward of the CHUC. Results: The frequency of delivery of macrosomic fetuses was 4.1%, and the average age of women with large fetuses was 29.5 years. In 65.7% of cases, they were not engaged in any income-generating activity. Most of them had at least secondary education (65.7%) and were mainly multiparous (78.8%). The risk factors found were maternal age greater than or equal to 35 years, multiparity, previous large fœtus, gestational diabetes, obesity and male sex. Maternal complications were dominated by uterine atony (52.2%), perineal tear (31.9%), and cervical tear (15.9%). In our series, macrosomic newborns were three times more likely to present with a neonatal complication than normal-weight newborns. Neonatal mortality was 2.1%. Conclusion: Reducing macrosomia requires a better understanding of the risk factors, early detection, correct management during vaginal delivery and close monitoring of labour with good control of obstetric manoeuvres.