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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Ammonium Removal from Ammonium Rich Solution by Bio Char

  AUTHORS: Harada Hiroyuki, Akagi Kotaro, Endar Hidayat

  KEYWORDS: Livestock Wastewater, Ammonium Removal Rate, Cronobacter spp., 16S rRNA

  JOURNAL NAME: Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol.13 No.1, January 24, 2022

  ABSTRACT: When biochar made from waste pallet was added to treated livestock wastewater, the total nitrogen and ammonium ion concentrations decreased, with removal rates over 10 days of about 60% and 30%, respectively. Bacteria were isolated with high ammonium removal ability and they were identified based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences. Anaerobic denitrifying Cronobacter spp. was isolated from the biochar used for water purification. When each strain was cultured in a liquid medium containing ammonium sulfate (initial ammonium concentration 30 mg/L), the highest ammonium removal rates were 83.8% - 96.5%. Organic acids were more effective than carbohydrates as sole carbon sources for nitrogen removal from wastewater. The absorbance at 660 nm increased with nitrogen removal, indicating that cells proliferated, so it was presumed that ammonium was taken up by assimilation.