The Impact of the Offshore Wind Farm Switching Transient Operation on Power System

Tingting Wang, Elham Makram, Ramtin Hadidi, Xufeng Xu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Clemson University, Clemson, USA.

DOI: 10.4236/jpee.2014.28002                

Abstract

In this paper, a practical method to establish Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind farm equivalent model for switching transient analysis is demonstrated. In order to verify this method, a 3.6MW equivalent wind farm model is built. The steady state results and load switching results are verified with those of detailed models of four 0.9MW generators. Using this method, a model of 40MW wind farm, representing the capacity for a proposed South Carolina offshore wind farm is established. To study large wind farm switching transient impacts on a system, different switching operations such as cable energizing and three phase faults at different locations in wind farm are investigated and their impact on system are analysed. Finally, conclusions based on the switching cases are presented.

Keywords

Offshore Wind Farm, DFIG, Switching Transient, Load Switching, Capacitor Switching, Fault

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	The World Wind Energy Association (2012) 2012 Half Year Report of World Wind Energy Association. www.wwindea.org
[2]	Production Farms Feasibility Study Committee (2008) A Joint Resolution Requiring Recommendations from the Wind Energy Production Farms Feasibility Study Committee, South Carolina’s Role in Offshore Wind Energy Development.http://www.energy.sc.gov
[3]	Musial, W. and Ram, B. (2010) Large-Scale Offshore Wind Power in the United States: Executive Summary. NREL Report No. TP-500-49229.
[4]	Musial, W. and Ram, B. (2010) Large-Scale Offshore Wind Power in the United States: Assessment of Opportunities and Barriers. NREL Report No. TP-500-40745.
[5]	Abbey, D. and Samson, G. (2008) Analysis of Transients in Wind Parks: Modeling of System Components and Experimental Verification. Master of Science Thesis, Chalmers University of Goteborg, Sweden.
[6]	Christensen, L., Ulletved, M., SØrensen, P., SØrensen, T., Olsen, T., Nielsen, H., SØrensen, P. and HolmstrØm, O. (2007) GPS Synchronized High Voltage Measuring System. Nordic Wind Power Conference.
[7]	Ivan, A.A. (2008) Modeling of Switching Transients in Nested Offshore Wind Farm and a Comparison with Measurements EMT Simulations with Power Factory and PSCAD. Master of Science Thesis, DTU Electro Centre for Electric Technology (CET), Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen.
[8]	Fernandez, L.M., Garcia, C.A., Saenz, J.R. and Uredo, F. (2009) Equivalent Models of Wind Farms by Using Aggregated Wind Turbines and Equivalent Winds. Energy Conversion and Management, 50, 691-704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2008.10.005
[9]	Slower, J.G. and Kling, W.L. (2003) Aggregated Modeling of Wind Parks in Power System Dynamics Simulations. IEEE Power Tech Conference, 3, 626-631.
[10]	Vladislav, A. and Hans, K. (2002) An Aggregate Model of a Grid-Connected, Large-Scale, Offshore Wind Farm for Power Stability Investigations—Importance of Windmill Mechanical System. Electrical Power and Energy System, 24, 709-717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-0615(01)00089-8
[11]	Yang, L. and Zhan, X.P. (2009) Aggregating Wind Farm with DFIG in Power System Online Analysis. IEEE 6th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, Wuhan, 17-20 May 2009, 2233-2237.
[12]	PSCAD (2010) Manitoba Research Center “DFIG_2010_11.psc”. https://pscad.com/products/pscad/free_downloads
[13]	Pena, R., Clare, J.C. and Asher, G.M. (1996) Doubly Fed Induction Generator Using Back-to-Back PWM Converters and Its Application to Variable-Speed Wind-Energy Generation. IEE Proceedings—Electric Power Applications, 143, 529-551.
[14]	Ion, B. (2006) Variable Speed Generator. CRC Press, Boca Raton.