Molecular Characterization and mRNA Expression of Cytochrome P450 1A1 and Cytochrome P450 3A in Liver of Kafue Lechwe (Kobus leche kafuensis) as Potential Biomarkers of Pollution of the Kafue River Basin, Zambia

Ethel M’kandawire, Michelo Syakalima, Kaampwe Muzandu, Girja Pandey, Martin Simuunza, Shouta M. M. Nakayama, Yusuke K. Kawai, Yoshinori Ikenaka, Mayumi Ishizuka

Animal Health Department, Northwest University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho, South Africa.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.

DOI: 10.4236/eng.2014.62008                

Abstract

The aim of this study was to characterize CYP1A1 and CYP3A in liver of the Kafue lechwe from Lochnivar and Blue Lagoon GMAs and to determine their mRNA expression levels as potential biomarkers of pollution. Increasing attention is paid to the problem of pesticide pollution by people. Risk assessment of pesticide should not be only based on the chemical analysis of environmental samples, since this method could not truly distinguish whether the pesticide was harmful to environment. Thus, biological assessment should be established.

Keywords

Lochnivar Game Management Area; Blue Lagoon Game Management Area; Pestcides/Herbicides; Biomonitoring; Phylogenetic Relationships; Real-Time RT-PCR

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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