A Numerical Solution for the Integrated Analysis of Water Resources Management: Application to the Mero River Watershed, La Coruña, Spain

Francisco Padilla¹, J. Horacio Hernández², Ricardo Juncosa¹, Pablo R. Vellando¹

¹Water and Environmental Engineering Group, ETS de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Campus de Elviña, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain.
²Ingeniería Geomática e Hidráulica, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.

DOI: 10.4236/jwarp.2015.710066                

Abstract

This research is concerned with new developments and practical applications of a physically-based numerical model that incorporates new approaches for a finite elements solution to the steady/transient problems of the joint ground/surface water flows. Python scripts are implemented in Geographic Information System (GIS) to store, represent and take decisions on the simulated conditions related to the water resources management at the scale of the watershed. The proposed surface-subsurface model considers surface and groundwater interactions to be 2-D horizontally distributed and depth-averaged through a diffusive wave approach for surface flood routing. Infiltration rates, overland flows and evapotranspiration processes are considered by a diffuse discharge from surface water, non-saturated subsoil and groundwater table. Recent developments also allow for the management of surface water flow control through the capacity of diversion on river beds, spillways and outflow operations of floodgates in weirs and dams of reservoirs. Practical application regards the actual hydrology of the Mero River watershed, with two important water bodies mainly concerned with the water resources management at the Cecebre Reservoir and the present flooding of a deep coal mining excavation. The MELEF model (Modèle d’éLéments Fluides, in French) was adapted and calibrated during a period of five years (2008/ 2012) with the help of hydrological parameters, registered flow rates, water levels and registered precipitation, water uses and water management operations in surface and groundwater bodies. The results predict the likely evolution of the Cecebre Reservoir, the flow rates in rivers, the flooding of the Meirama open pit and the local water balances for different hydrological components.

Keywords

Integrated Surface/Subsurface Flows, Numerical Modelling, Finite Elements, Watershed Hydrology, Geographic Information System, Water Resources Management

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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