A Two-Stage Approach for Large-Scale Cascaded Hydropower System Operations

Jianjian Shen^*

Institute of Hydropower and Hydroinformatics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.

DOI: 10.4236/jwarp.2014.616142                

Abstract

The paper presents a two-stage approach to cope with the long-term optimal operation of cascaded hydropower systems. This approach combines progressive optimality algorithm (POA) with quadratic programming (QP) to improve the optimization results. POA is used at the first stage to generate a local optimal result, which will be selected as the initial feasible solution of QP method employed at the second stage. Around the initial solution, a rational local search range for QP method is then determined, where the nonlinear water level function and tailrace level function can be linearized nearly with high accuracy. The simplified optimization problem is formulated as a QP model with a quadratic generation function and a linear set of constraints, and solved using the available mathematic optimization software package. Simulation is performed on the long term operation of Hongshui River hydropower system which is located in southwest China and consists of 9 built hydropower plants. Results obtained from the proposed approach show a significant increase in the total energy production compared to the results from POA.

Keywords

Progressive Optimality Algorithm (POA), Quadratic Programming (QP), Optimal Operation, Cascaded Hydropower Systems, Long-Term

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1]	Cheng, C.T., Shen, J.J., Wu, X.Y. and Chau, K.W. (2012) Operation Challenges for Fast-Growing China’s Hydropower Systems and Respondence to Energy Saving and Emission Reduction. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16, 2386-2393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.01.056
[2]	EL-Hawary, M.E. and Christensen, G.S. (1979) Optimal Economic Operation of Electric Power Systems. Academic Press, New York, San Francisco, London.
[3]	Yeh, W.W.-G. (1985) Reservoir Management and Operations Models a State-of-the-Art Review. Water Resources Research, 21, 1797-1818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WR021i012p01797
[4]	Simonovic, S.P. (1992) Reservoir Systems Analysis: Closing Gap between Theory and Practice. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management-ASCE, 118, 262-280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1992)118:3(262)
[5]	Labadie, J.W. (2004) Optimal Operation of Multireservoir Systems: State-of-the-Art Review. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management-ASCE, 130, 93-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2004)130:2(93)
[6]	Shawwash, Z.K., Siu, T.K. and Russell, D. (2000) The BC Hydro Short Term Hydro Scheduling Optimization Model. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 15, 1125-1131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.871743
[7]	Barros, M.T.L., Tsai, F.T.C., Yang, S.L., Lopes, J.E.G. and Yeh, W.W.G. (2003) Optimization of Large-Scale Hydropower System Operations. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management-ASCE, 129, 178-188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2003)129:3(178)
[8]	Catalao, J.P.S., Pousinho, H.M.I. and Mendes, V.M.F. (2010) Scheduling of Head-Dependent Cascaded Hydro Systems: Mixed-Integer Quadratic Programming Approach. Energy Conversion and Management, 51, 524-530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2009.10.017
[9]	Arce, A., Ohishi, T. and Soares, S. (2002) Optimal Dispatch of Generating Units of the Itaipu Hydroelectric Plant. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 17, 154-158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.982207
[10]	Howson, H.R. and Sancho, N.G.F. (1975) New Algorithm for the Solution of Multi-State Dynamic Programming Problems. Mathematical Programming, 8, 104-116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01580431
[11]	Turgeon, A. (1981) Optimal Short-Term Hydro Scheduling from the Principles of Progressive Optimality. Water Resources Research, 17, 481-486. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/WR017i003p00481
[12]	Cheng, C.T., Shen, J.J., Wu, X.Y. and Chau, K.W. (2012) Short-Term Hydro Scheduling with Discrepant Objectives Using Multi-Step Progressive Optimality Algorithm. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 48, 464-479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00628.x
[13]	Karamouz, M., Houck, M. and Delleur, J. (1992) Weekly Multipurpose Planning Model for TVA Reservoir System. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management-ASCE, 118, 71-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1992)118:1(71)
[14]	Yi, J., Labadie, J.W. and Stitt, S. (2003) Dynamic Optimal Unit Commitment and Loading in Hydropower Systems. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 129, 388-398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2003)129:5(388)
[15]	Frangioni, A., Gentile, C. and Lacalandra, F. (2011) Sequential Lagrangian-MILP Approaches for Unit Commitment Problems. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 33, 585-593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2010.12.013
[16]	Franco, P.E.C., Carvalho, M.F. and Soares, A. (1994) A Network Flow Modular for Short-Term Hydro-Dominated Hydrothermal Scheduling Problems. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 9, 1016-1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/59.317642
[17]	Wang, J.W. and Zhang, Y.C. (2012) Short-Term Optimal Operation of Hydropower Reservoirs with Unit Commitment and Navigation. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management-ASCE, 138, 3-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000142
[18]	Naresh, R. and Sharma, J., (2002) Short Term Hydro Scheduling Using Two-Phase Neural Network. Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 24, 583-590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-0615(01)00069-2
[19]	Yuan, X.H., Zhang, Y.C. and Yuan, Y.B. (2008) Improved Self-Adaptive Chaotic Genetic Algorithm for Hydro Generation Scheduling. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management-ASCE, 134, 319-325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2008)134:4(319)
[20]	Mantawy, A.H., Soliman, S.A. and El-Hawary, M.E. (2001) An Innovative Simulated Annealing Approach to the Long-Term Hydro Scheduling Problem. International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, 25, 41-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0142-0615(02)00019-4
[21]	Huang, S.J. (2001) Enhancement of Hydroelectric Generation Scheduling Using Ant Colony System Based Optimization Approaches. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 16, 296-301.
[22]	Wu, J.K., Zhu, J.Q., Cheng, G.T. and Zhang, H.L. (2008) A Hybrid Method for Optimal Scheduling of Short-Term Electric Power Generation of Cascaded Hydroelectric Plants Based on Particle Swarm Optimization and Chance-Constrained Programming. IEEE Transaction on Power Systems, 23, 1570-1579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2008.2004822
[23]	Chu, W.S. and Yeh, W.W.-G. (1978) A Nonlinear Programming Algorithm for Real-Time Hourly Reservoir Operations. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 14, 1048-1063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1978.tb02245.x