Immune Control of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus Infection by Cell-Mediated and Humoral Responses

Elissa J. Schwartz, Kasia A. Pawelek, Karin Harrington, Richard Cangelosi, Silvia Madrid

Department of Mathematics and Computational Science, University of South Carolina Beaufort, Bluffton, SC, USA.
Department of Mathematics, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
Department of Mathematics, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA,School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.

DOI: 10.4236/am.2013.48A023                

Abstract

Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV) is a retrovirus that establishes a persistent infection in horses and ponies. The virus is in the same lentivirus subgroup that includes human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The similarities between these two viruses make the study of the immune response to EIAV relevant to research on HIV. We developed a mathematical model of within-host EIAV infection dynamics that contains both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Analysis of the model yields results on thresholds that would be necessary for a combined immune response to successfully control infection. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the results. These findings have the potential to lead to immunological control measures for lentiviral infection.

Keywords

Deterministic Model; Virus Infection; Equine Infectious Anemia Virus; Immune Response; Antibodies; Cy-totoxic T Lymphocytes

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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