Author(s)

Rania Ahmed Mahmoud^1*, Abeer Aly Dahab², Gehan Ahmed Mahmoud³, Mohamed Abd El-Aziz Abd El-Wahab⁴, Emad Hamed El-Bassel⁵, Ehab Mawad Badr Mahdy⁶

¹Deciduous Fruits Research Department, Biotechnology Central Laboratory, Horticulture Research Institute (HRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
²Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Biotechnology Central Laboratory, Horticulture Research Institute (HRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
³Fruit Crops Handling Research Department, Chemical Analysis Central Laboratory, Horticulture Research Institute (HRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
⁴Viticulture Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute (HRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
⁵Fruit Breeding Department, Horticulture Research Institute (HRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
⁶National Gene Bank (NGB), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is assumed as one of the most valuable and popular fruit crops all over the world. In this study, ten of local grape germplasm were characterized considering phenotypic diversity and genetic features under Egyptian conditions. Selected local grapes; Baltim Eswid, Edkawy, Matrouh Eswid, Bez El-Naka, Bez El-Anza, Romy Abiad, Romy Ahmer, Gharibi, Fayoumi and Banaty, were spread geographically among seven national governorates. A total of 58 attributes were characterized grape germplasm for the distinctness of vine parts. For molecular characterization, 9 nuclear SSR loci were analysed. Data revealed a broad sense of similarity at the level of studied morphological attributes, where the highest similarity (0.93) was between Romy Ahmer and Romy Abiad. A total of 24 alleles, ranging from 124 - 253 bp in size, were detected at the nine tested loci with an average of 2.67 alleles per locus. The amplification products in all of the 9 SSRs loci showed polymorphism among the 10 grapevine cultivars. The genetic relatedness among most of the cultivars was in accordance with their identification based on ampelographic properties. Data of phenotypic and molecular analysis revealed high variability of Vitis germplasm in Egypt and contributed substantially to our awareness of valuable local grape genetic resources which are on the verge of extinction.

Ampelographic, Germplasm, Grape, Identification, Molecular

Mahmoud, R. , Dahab, A. , Mahmoud, G. , El-Wahab, M. , El-Bassel, E. and Mahdy, E. (2023) Ampelographic and Genetic Diversity Assessment of Some Local Grape Genotypes under Egyptian Conditions. American Journal of Molecular Biology, 13, 183-196. doi: 10.4236/ajmb.2023.133013.