Author(s)

Andrew Walcott Beckwith¹, Qazi Abdul Ghafoor²

¹Physics Department, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
²Mathematics Department, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.

Based on the idea of cyclic conformal cosmology, we formulate entropy and quantum number n, and then utilize the minimum uncertainty principle, where Delta E times Delta t equals h-bar, to actualize a prototype delta t time stop in the breakup of supermassive black holes into countless Planck mass-sized black holes. This helps to link entropy, time step, and primordial conditions and define when the cosmological constant may form and the initial inflationary expansion “speed”. All this is used to obtain a model of if a singularity, initially is needed.

Inflation, Fifth force, Gravitational f, Gravitons, Hubble Parameter

Beckwith, A. and Ghafoor, Q. (2023) Using Model of a Universe as Similar to a Black Hole, Ask If We Have to Have Singularities, If We Are Looking at Initial Time Step and Entropy, from the Beginning. Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology, 9, 708-719. doi: 10.4236/jhepgc.2023.93058.