Author(s)

Elinete Eliete de Lima^1,2, Luiza S. E. P. W. Castro³, Valdelúcia Maria A. de S. Grinevicius³, Josiane Hilbig¹, Nádia S. R. S. Mota³, Rodrigo C. Zeferino³, Roberta C. da Silva^4,5, Iván Jachmanián⁶, Edson Luiz da Silva⁷, Rozangela C. Pedrosa³, Jane Mara Block^1*

¹Laboratory of Fats and Oils, Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
²Campus Florianópolis Continente, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil.
³Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
⁴Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
⁵Laboratory of Lipid Research, Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, North Carolina A & T State University, NC, USA.
⁶Department of Food Science and Technology, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
⁷Laboratory of Lipids, Department of Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different modified fats on the body weight, biochemical profile, and biomarkers of hepatic oxidative status in Balb-c mice. The animals were divided into four groups and fed for 75 days with a normolipidic (Control Group, CG) or hiperlipidic diets (40% kcal) containing a commercial interesterified fat (IFG) rich in palmitic acid (39%); a blend of non-interesterified fat (NIFG), with 2-fold less saturated fatty acids at the sn-2 position of triacylglycerols; or a partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (PHFG), source of trans fatty acid (20%) and of linolenic acid (6%). The mice of the IFG and NIFG presented similar results in all evaluated parameters. The serum biochemical profile and hepatic oxidative stress markers in mice of the PHFG were similar to CG, except for total cholesterol (TC) which was significantly higher (p < 0.05) for the mice of the PHFG. The mice feed with interesterified fat (IFG) showed serum TC (p < 0.01), non-HDL-C (p < 0.05), glucose (p < 0.05) and hepatic reduced glutathione values (2.7 fold, p < 0.05) and glutathione reductase activity (2.4 fold, p < 0.001) significantly higher when compared to the mice fed with partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (PHFG). The hydrogenated fat source of trans fatty acid (20%) had less important metabolic effects than fats containing amounts of palmitic acid (interesterified or non-interesterified). Our results suggest that the replacement of hydrogenated fats by interesterified fats may not be such a simple solution to reduce or eliminate trans fatty acids in foods.

Interesterified Fat, Trans Fat, Palmitic Acid, Cholesterol, Oxidative Stress

de Lima, E. , Castro, L. , de S. Grinevicius, V. , Hilbig, J. , Mota, N. , Zeferino, R. , da Silva, R. , Jachmanián, I. , da Silva, E. , Pedrosa, R. and Block, J. (2020) Effect of a Diet Rich in Interesterified, Non-Interesterified and Trans Fats on Biochemical Parameters and Oxidative Status of Balb-c Mice. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 11, 1032-1052. doi: 10.4236/fns.2020.1111073.