TITLE:
Correlational Analysis of Hemoglobin, Red Cell Distribution Width and Homocysteine Levels with Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
AUTHORS:
Zhuowei Zhang, Qiaohui Zhang, Zhi-Qing Zhao
KEYWORDS:
Anemia, Hemoglobin, Homocysteine, Osteoporosis, Red Cell Distribution Width, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Vol.16 No.11,
November
21,
2025
ABSTRACT: Background: Early detection of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) loss is critical for identifying individuals at increased risk of osteoporosis and related fractures, particularly in vulnerable populations. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between Hemoglobin (Hb), Red cell Distribution Width (RDW), and Homocysteine (Hcy) levels and BMD in elderly male patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A total of 208 male patients with T2DM, who were hospitalized in the Endocrinology Department of Yuncheng Central Hospital, between January 2020 and December 2023, were included in the study. Based on their BMD measurements, the patients were categorized into three groups: normal bone mass (control, n = 64), osteopenia (n = 92), and osteoporosis (n = 52). After adjusting for some potential confounding factors, inter-group comparisons and correlation analyses were conducted to assess the relationships between Hb, RDW, and Hcy levels and BMD. Results: The prevalence of osteoporosis in T2DM patients with anemia was nearly twice as high as that in the control group. Compared to the normal bone mass group, the osteoporosis group showed a significant reduction in plasma Hb levels by 8.8% ± 1.1%, along with significant increases in RDW and Hcy levels by 15.7% ± 1.2% and 18.2% ± 2.2%, respectively (all P Conclusions: These univariate logistic analyses suggest that changes in these hematologic indices may serve not only as markers of bone health but also as potential predictors of the progression of diabetes-related complications, including BMD loss and fracture risk.