TITLE:
A Muon Model Derived from a Semi-Classical Electron Model
AUTHORS:
Arlen Young
KEYWORDS:
Muon Model, Muon Mass, Muon Radius, Muon Lifetime, Muon g-Factor, Muon Neutrino Mass, Electron Model, Mass Quantum
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Modern Physics,
Vol.16 No.11,
November
19,
2025
ABSTRACT: In the author’s previous publications, a model for the electron was proposed, consisting of an outer shell, having positive mass and negative charge, and a central core, having negative mass and positive charge. In this publication, the muon is constructed by adding three mass quanta, each quantum having a mass of
1
2α
times the electron mass, to the electron mass. The resulting muon mass predicted by this model is only 0.1% less than the actual muon mass. This discrepancy is attributed to the omission of the mass of the muon neutrino, which is predicted to be 0.1095 MeV/c2, consistent with the measured upper limit of 0.15 MeV/c2. The muon radius is predicted to be 0.6% less than the electron radius. The muon mass is concentrated in a hollow shell, having an inside radius of 0.637167 times the muon radius. The muon charge is embedded in the outer surface of the mass shell. The predicted muon g-factor is exactly equal to the actual g-factor, to within the 9-significant figure precision of the calculations. The material embodying the mass of the muon appears to be the same as the material embodying the outer shell of the electron. This exact relationship enables the calculation of the radius of the central core negative mass. It can range from about 0.66 to 0.014 times the electron radius, depending on the core’s speed of rotation. The volume density of the electron’s central core negative mass ranges correspondingly from about 4 to 3 × 105 times greater than the density of the outer shell material. The radius of the central core positive charge is very much smaller than its mass radius, and is effectively zero. The electromagnetic pressure that helps to hold the electron together reverses polarity for the muon, and actually tends to push it apart. This could account for the tremendous difference in lifetimes between the two particles. The muon depends on the tensile strength of its material to hold it together.