TITLE:
Epidemiological Study and Antibiotic Resistance of Strains of Staphylococcus spp. Isolated at the National Laboratory of Public Health, Brazzaville
AUTHORS:
Nicole Prisca Makaya Dangui Nieko, Christian Aimé Kayath, Tarcisse Baloki Ngoulou, Moïse Doria Kaya-Ongoto, Etienne Nguimbi
KEYWORDS:
S. aureus, Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci, Epidemiology, Resistance, Methicillin
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Biosciences and Medicines,
Vol.13 No.8,
August
20,
2025
ABSTRACT: The spread of multi-resistant community-associated Staphylococcus strains poses a significant public health threat, greatly limiting therapeutic options for treating severe infections. A total of 403 samples were collected, including urine, semen, and vaginal swabs, from which 106 Staphylococcus isolates were obtained on Mannitol Salt Agar and identified using microbiological techniques. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was predominant (77.36%), while other species (22.64%) such as S. warneri, S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, S. cohnii, S. saprophyticus, and S. xylosus were identified at low frequencies. The high prevalence of S. aureus varied according to sample type, sex, and age. A statistically significant difference (p Staphylococcus strains for cefoxitin, penicillin, gentamicin, tetracycline, minocycline, and teicoplanin. Eighty-six (81.13%) Staphylococcus strains were resistant to methicillin, including 66 (76.74%) methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 20 (23.26%) methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCoNS). The frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. is increasing, along with high resistance rates to other antibiotic families. Nevertheless, rifampicin and vancomycin remained more effective against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. This study shows that although high resistance rates were observed, some antibiotics retain their efficacy and can be used as first-line treatments for infections caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococci. It is also necessary to establish an epidemiological monitoring program to control the spread of these strains and prevent multi-resistant Staphylococcus epidemics.