TITLE:
Monitoring and Treatment of Water in an Intensive Treatment Unit Dialysis Service in the Municipality of Macapá/Brazil
AUTHORS:
Aline Christine Silva da Silva, Helenilza Ferreira Albuquerque Cunha, Adenilson Costa de Oliveira, Elizandra Perez Araújo, Jennefer Lavor Bentes, Alan Cavalcanti da Cunha
KEYWORDS:
Sanitation, Water Treatment, Isolated System, Parameters, Renal Dialysis
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection,
Vol.13 No.7,
July
7,
2025
ABSTRACT: The state of Amapá has one of the most precarious indicators of basic sanitation in Brazil, directly affecting the public health system. This research evaluated the monitoring of water quality and its treatment in a compact and isolated water treatment plant (WTPci) in a dialysis clinic in Macapá/Amapá/Brazil, evaluating raw water abstraction, operational units and medicinal destination. The objective of the research was to evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological quality of the water in the WTPci. The methodological stage consisted of: a) analysis of water quality data acquired monthly during 25 months totaling ≈ 1100 analyses of different physical-chemical and microbiological parameters provided by legislation; b) evaluation of the conformity and efficiency of the treatment process of the WTPci. In the post-osmosis (PO) and dialysis solution (SD) stages, heterotrophic bacteria count, pathogen research, presence of endotoxins and metal content (Al, Hg, Se, etc.) were included. The results indicated bacterial contamination in at least 2 monitoring points, with the presence of heterotrophic bacteria (HET). Concentrations of metals above the legal limits were found in only 1.14% of the samples collected for the Ca parameter, exceeding the allowed limits. Electrical conductivity showed non-compliance in 11.20% of the samples, followed by pH (13.02%), color (0.26%), total chlorine (4.95%) and turbidity (0.52%). There were no conformities for the other parameters (Al, Sb, Ba, Be). The parameters were compared with the legal limits established by the Ministry of Health and National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), which regulates conventional hemodialysis services in Brazil. The results show the importance of water quality monitoring to avoid health vulnerability in the operation of the WTPci and as an instrument to support decision-making in the operational management, ensuring health safety of patients.