TITLE:
From Oil to Health: Groundwater Quality and Its Potential Health Effects in Mgbede Oil Fields of South-South Nigeria
AUTHORS:
Ijeoma Catherine Clinton-Ezekwe, Morufu Olalekan Raimi, Ifeanyichukwu Clinton Ezekwe, Ikenna Charles Osu, Best Ordinioha
KEYWORDS:
Groundwater Quality, Mgbede Oil Fields, Gas Flaring, Water Contamination, Environmental Health, Industrial Pollution, Toxic Metals, Drinking Water Safety, Manganese, pH, Turbidity, Niger Delta, Nigeria
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Yangtze Oil and Gas,
Vol.9 No.4,
October
31,
2024
ABSTRACT: Rationale: The quality of groundwater in the Mgbede Oil Fields of South-South Nigeria has raised significant concerns due to the risk of contamination from industrial activities, especially gas flaring. Evaluating the effects of these operations on groundwater quality is essential for safeguarding the health and well-being of local communities, as well as protecting the environment. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of groundwater in the Mgbede Oil Fields, specifically examining whether the water meets international drinking water standards and identifying any contaminants present due to gas flaring. Method: Purposeful selection of water sampling points was employed to ensure the objectives of the study were met. Groundwater samples were collected from various locations within the Mgbede Oil Fields and analyzed for key quality parameters, including pH, manganese, and turbidity, among others. Results: The analysis revealed that while most groundwater samples were within acceptable international drinking water limits, there were notable exceptions. pH levels ranged from 5.17 to 6.16, manganese concentrations from 0.001 to 0.136 mg/L, and turbidity levels from 0.00 to 825 mg/L. All sampled locations exhibited traces of manganese and high acidity, indicating particulate pollution likely resulting from gas flaring activities. Conclusions: The study concluded that the groundwater quality in the Mgbede Oil Fields is negatively impacted by continuous gas flaring. Contaminants such as manganese and increased acidity levels exceed acceptable international standards, posing potential risks to environmental health. Recommendations: To mitigate these risks, it is recommended that immediate measures should be taken to reduce gas flaring and its associated particulate emissions. Regular monitoring of groundwater quality should be implemented to track improvements and ensure compliance with international standards. Additionally, introducing filtration systems or alternative water sources could help protect the health of local communities. Significance Statement: This study underscores the significant impact of industrial activities, specifically gas flaring, on groundwater quality in the Mgbede Oil Fields. The findings highlight the urgent need for regulatory measures and continuous monitoring to safeguard environmental health and ensure the availability of safe drinking water.