TITLE:
The Impact of Blood Transfusion on the Efficiency of Stem Cell Transplants
AUTHORS:
Amer Saud AL-Humaidan, Saleh Saud Almutairi, Mohammed Hussain Khubrani, Raffah Mahdi Bajudah, Waleed Mohammad Alzabidi, Mohammed Hafiz Almasabi, Bader Mohammed Saleh Alhomaid, Waad Ali Alshehri, Wejdan Saleh Alghamdi, Raghad Abdullah Alwthinani
KEYWORDS:
Hematologic Neoplasms, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Blood Transfusion, Survival Rate
JOURNAL NAME:
Case Reports in Clinical Medicine,
Vol.13 No.8,
August
29,
2024
ABSTRACT: Background: While blood product transfusion is essential for managing hematologic deficits in Allogenic Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) recipients, it has risks including infectious disease transmission, alloimmunization, and transfusion reactions. These risks have sparked an ongoing debate regarding the overall impact of transfusions on patient outcomes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of Red Blood Cells (RBCs) and/or platelet transfusion on the infection incidence and overall survival in AHSCT patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical and laboratory data of sixty adult patients with primary malignant hematological disorder who had undergone AHSCT. Participants’ data were categorized into two groups; Group 1 (low transfusion group) consisted of patients receiving 10 units. Quantitative data were expressed as mean ± SD. The t-test of significance and Chi-square (χ2) test were used, with p ≤ 0.05 considered significant. Result: A total of 60 patients’ data was included. In Group 1, out of 30 patients, 13 (43.33%) developed infections. In contrast, Group 2 had 21 (70%) out of 30 patients develop infections. Group 1 had a higher survival rate (57.8%) than Group 2 (transfusion > 10 units) (46.2%) with a chi-square value = 23.56, and p-value Conclusion: The volume of blood product transfusions has a considerable impact on patient outcomes, particularly infection and survival rates. Additional long-term prospective studies and larger randomized controlled trials are needed to strengthen the evidence for determining transfusion protocols for these patients.