TITLE:
Physicochemical and Biochemical Composition of Balanites aegyptiaca Seed and Seed Oil from Burkina Faso
AUTHORS:
Patrice Bazongo, Lassané Ouédraogo, Pingdwindé Marie Judith Samadoulougou-Kafando, Martin Kiendrebeogo, Nicolas Barro
KEYWORDS:
Seed, Seed Oil, Fatty Acids, Amino Acids, Minerals, Balanites aegyptiaca, Burkina Faso
JOURNAL NAME:
Food and Nutrition Sciences,
Vol.14 No.12,
December
20,
2023
ABSTRACT: In Burkina Faso, the seeds of Balanites aegyptiaca have been considered to be potentially high lipid, protein and mineral
sources but seem to be neglected and sometimes unknown by communities. This
study aims to complete data on seed oil and detail on amino acids and minerals
composition of the seed of B. aegyptiaca for better use. Physicochemical parameters such as moisture and ash content,
saponification index, iodine, acid value, peroxide value and the melting point
were determined. Seed oil triglycerides, fatty acids and amino acids have been
estimated throughout this study. The moisture and ash content were 3.70% ± 0.1%
and 2.90% ± 0.2%, respectively. The saponification and iodine values were
respectively 181.96 ± 0.4 mg KOH/g of oil and 104.86 ± 0.6 g of iodine/100 g of
oil. Polyunsaturated fatty acid content (50.94%) was the most important.
Triglyceride (LLO, 22.4%) was the major triglyceride. 9 essential amino acids
and 9 non-essential amino acids were identified. Phenylalanine (11697.82 ± 0.00
mg/kg) was the most important essential amino acid. The content of 21 minerals
was determined and the most important was potassium (9323.13 ± 0.01 mg/kg).
Ca/P, Ca/Mg, Ca/Mg and Na/K ratios were 0.34; 1.18; 0.04 and 0.19 respectively. B. aegyptiaca seed oil is a source of
multiple nutritional values and can be used by the population for multipurpose.