TITLE:
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Penicillinase-Type β-Lactamase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolated from Patients Attending Health-Facilities in Yaounde, Cameroon
AUTHORS:
Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue, Laurene Nzangem Doumene, Cedric Seugnou Nana, Joviale Magne Talla, Herman Koyouo Tagne, Blondelle Kitio Messeu, Farid Wega, Tobie Vianney Kamany Kamdem, Willy Yamdeu Djonkouh, Ghandhi Fossouo Ndieffouo, Carole Tayimetha, Benjamin D. Thumamo Pokam, Nicolas Antoine-Moussiaux
KEYWORDS:
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Antimicrobial Resistance, β-Lactamase, Penicillinase, Cameroon
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Medical Microbiology,
Vol.13 No.3,
September
28,
2023
ABSTRACT: Background and Objectives: Mitigation of antibiotic resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae has become a priority due to considerable health and economical
disabilities it generates. In order to tackle the emergence of resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, this study aimed
to determine the prevalence and risk factors of penicillinase type β-lactamase-producing Neisseria gonorrheae among patients consulting for genital infectious disorders in two
health-facilities in Yaounde, Cameroon. Materials and Method: A
cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was conducted over a 3-month
period, from July 2nd to October 2nd, 2022. Vaginal and
urethral secretions were collected. Biochemical identification tests were
performed on colonies grown on chocolate agar + polyvitex using the Api NH gallery. The detection of penicillinases was
equally performed using the API NH gallery and confirmed using the
antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of
some antibiotics were determined using the E-Test. Results: The results
showed that out of the 198 patients sampled,
16 (8.08%) were positive for Neisseria
gonorrhoeae, among which 13/16 (81.25%) were penicillinase-type β-lactamase producers. Antimicrobial
susceptibility testing results showed high co-resistances to antibiotics, mainly ciprofloxacin (100%),
nalidixic acid (92.31%) and azithromycin
(84.62%). Moreover, high Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of ceftriaxone
(ranging from 6 to 24 mg/L) was observed toward Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates. The risk factors of the carriage of penicillinase-type β-lactamase producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae identified were: a history of Sexually Transmitted infections (p = 0.01) and unprotected sexual intercourse (p = 0.01). Conclusion: The emergence of penicillinase-type β-lactamase producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae is increasing and
the situation is becoming worrisome. The identified risk factors can constitute a basic outlook to tackle
resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and therefore sustain antibiotic
stewardship.