TITLE:
Artificial Intelligence; a Pragmatic Approach to Implementation in Medicine, a Review of the literature and a Survey of Local Practice in Midlands in UK
AUTHORS:
Neil Capes, Hiran Patel, Islam Sarhan, Neil Ashwood, Andrew Dekker, Ramy Shehata
KEYWORDS:
Artificial Intelligence, Local Practice in Midlands, AI in Medicine
JOURNAL NAME:
International Journal of Intelligence Science,
Vol.13 No.3,
September
28,
2023
ABSTRACT: The use
of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for clinical pathway management and decision making is believed to improve
clinical care and has been used to improve pathways for treatment in most
medical disciplines. Methods: A literature review was undertaken to
identify the hurdles and steps required to introduce supported clinical
decision-making using AI within hospitals. This was supported by a survey of
local hospital practice within the Midlands of the United Kingdom to see what
systems had been introduced and were functioning effectively. Results: It
is unclear how to practically implement
systems using AI within medicine easily. Algorithmic medicine based on a set of rules calculated from data only
takes a clinician so far to deliver patient centred optimal treatment. AI
facilitates a clinician’s ability to assimilate data from disparate sources
and can help with some of the analysis and decision making. However, learning
remains organic and the subtleties of difference
between patients, care providers who exhibit non-verbal communication for instance make it
difficult for an AI to capture all the pertinent information required to make
the correct clinical decision for any given individual. Hence it assists rather
than controls any process in clinical practice. It also must continually renew
and adapt considering changes in practise and trends as the goalposts change to meet fluctuations in resources
and workload. Precision surgery is benefiting from robotic-assisted surgery in
parts driven by AI and being used in 80% of trusts locally. Conclusion: The
use of AI in clinical practice remains patchy with it being adopted where
research groups have studied a more effective method of monitoring or
treatment. The use of robotic-assisted surgery on the other hand has been more
rapid as the precision of treatment that this provides appears attractive in
improving clinical care.