TITLE:
Characterization of Mycobacterium Species Circulating among Tuberculosis Patients in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
AUTHORS:
Smart Enoch Amala, Goodluck Silas, Amba Ollor Ollor, Vivian Nkemkanma Agi
KEYWORDS:
Tuberculosis, Non-Tuberculosis, Strains, Circulating, Bayelsa
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Tuberculosis Research,
Vol.11 No.3,
July
31,
2023
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Tuberculosis is caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Looking at
the evolution of the bacterium gene due to mutation is crucial to identify
species circulating among patients in
an area. WHO speculated that tuberculosis is caused by M. tuberculosis (MTB),
but identification of the strains of MTB circulating in a particular area is
important for the management of MTB and to identify pulmonary infections caused
by non-tuberculosis mycobacterium. Contact tracing of drug resistant MTB in
circulation in an area is also an important procedure of MTB therapeutic
choice. Aim: This study aimed to isolate and identify Mycobacterium species circulating in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Materials
and Methods: A total of 102 sputum samples collected from MTB patients were
cultured in Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) solid media. Isolates on LJ media were
confirmed using Zeihl Nelseen staining method for AFB and Standard Diagnosis
Bioline TB Ag MPT64 Rapid test kit. The 16s rRNA gene amplification, agarose
gel electrophoresis, and gene sequencing were conducted. Phylogenic analysis
and evolutional distances of the strains are computed using the Juke-cantor
method. Result: Out of 102 sputum samples examined 15 (14.7%)
had growth of Mycobacterium species
(AFB positive). The extracted DNA of MTB amplified on agarose gel
electrophoresis aligned horizontally at lanes 1 - 15
showing 16S gene band (1500 bp). Two 2 (2.0%) are non-tuberculosis Mycobacteria species, while 13 (12.7%) were M. tuberculosis. The non-tuberculosis Mycobacterium species isolated are Mycobacteriode abscesses and Mycobacterium kansassii strain FDAARGOS
1534. The tuberculosis strains are Mycobacterium
tuberculosis MG003 and R2092 but the predominant strain was MG003. The
degree of the genetic evolution of the non-MTB Mycobacterium kansassii strain FDAARGOS 1534 was 75.4%. Conclusion: The two major strains of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (MTB) circulating in Bayelsa State are MTB MG003 and MTB R2092; MTB MG003 was predominant.
The non-tuberculosis species are Mycobacteriode
abscesses and Mycobacterium kansasii.