TITLE:
Ontogenes and Their Role in Cellular Construction
AUTHORS:
Boris F. Chadov, Nina B. Fedorova
KEYWORDS:
Cell, Morphogenesis, Ontogene, Ontogenesis, Electromagnetic Field, Drosophila
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Vol.14 No.2,
February
21,
2023
ABSTRACT: The genes referred to as ontogenes are
responsible for conditional mutations. Based on the results of the research of
conditional mutations in D. melanogaster, we attempt to figure
out the biological role of ontogenes. We conclude that ontogenes in the process
of individual development control the construction of the living organisms of
cells (cellular construction), which comprises the induction of cell division,
determination of division plane, and the location of daughter cells after the
division is completed. The process of morphogenesis consists of cellular
construction and protein synthesis. Protein synthesis is controlled by
protein-coding (Mendelian) genes. Mendelian genes are switched on by ontogenes.
In terms of the two-component genome composed of Mendelian genes and ontogenes,
we consider 1) the concept of biological character;
2) interspecific incompatibility; 3) ontogenesis; 4) phylogenesis; and 5)
mutagenesis. Ontogenes, which control cellular construction, possess the
specific features unusual for Mendelian genes, namely, 1) the activity in germ
line tissue; 2) remote interaction; and 3) activity in a compacted state
(heterochromatization). These specific features of ontogenes suggest that
unlike the Mendelian genes with their chemical activity, ontogenes possess
another type of activity (biophysical) involving induction of an electromagnetic field.