TITLE:
Identification of Bacteria Strains Isolated in Urinary Tract Infections and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility at the National Public Health Laboratory, Ouagadougou
AUTHORS:
Sandrine Ouedraogo, Dissinviel Stéphane Kpoda, Lamoussa Paul Ouattara, Cheikna Zongo, Yéri Esther Hien, Paulette Karfo, Désiré Nezien, Elie Kabre, Algas Barreda Pillar, Aly Savadogo
KEYWORDS:
Urinary Tract Infections, Enterobacteriaceae, Antibiotic Resistance, Ouagadougou
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Medical Microbiology,
Vol.12 No.3,
September
5,
2022
ABSTRACT: Background: Urinary tract
infections are still a real public health concern. The aim of this study was to
identify the bacteria strains involved in urinary tract infections and to
determine their antibiotic resistance profiles. Methods: Two kinds of
studies were performed. The retrospective study was carried out for 2 years
(from January 2018 to December 2019), and the prospective study was extended
over a period of 6 months (from January to June 2020). Isolation and
identification of bacteria strains were performed using conventional
microbiology techniques. The strains’ resistance profiles were determined by the diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton according
to the criteria of EUCAST- 2015. Fourteen (14) antibiotic discs were used depending on the isolated germ. Results: A total of 187 bacterial strains were isolated
from 82 men and 105 women. Among the germs identified, 77.54% were Enterobacteriaceae and 13.36% were
cocci strains. Non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli accounted for 9.08% of
the isolated bacteria. The results showed that the majority of Enterobacteriaceae strains were resistant to beta-lactams: 100% to amoxicillin,
98.75% to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, 41.76% to ceftriaxone, and 43.14% to
ceftazidime. These findings were obtained with fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides: 50.09% with ciprofloxacin,
54.04% with norfloxacin, and 22.58% with amikacin. 8.75% of the Enterobacteriaceae strains tested
were resistant to imipenem. The same trends were observed with non-fer- mentative bacteria. As for the
gram-positive bacteria isolated during our study, 13.33% were resistant
to vancomycin, 21.05% to gentamicin, 94.12% to penicillin G, 88.89% to
ampicillin, 77.78% to cefotaxime, 63.63% to kanamycin, and 52.63% to erythromycin. Conclusion: This study revealed,
as in other studies, that Enterobacteriaceae
strains remain the most incriminated bacteria strains in urinary tract
infections, with a strong resistance to antibiotics. It is important that
actions be taken to reduce the incidence of urinary tract infections and
mitigate the spread of resistant bacteria.