TITLE:
Pattern of Cervical Cytology and High Risk Human Papillomavirus Strains in Non HIV Positive Women Presenting for Cervical Cancer Screening in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
AUTHORS:
T. K. Nyengidiki, E. O. Oranu
KEYWORDS:
hrHPV, Cytology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Biosciences and Medicines,
Vol.6 No.6,
June
25,
2018
ABSTRACT: Background: The
high risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV)
is largely associated with cervical cancer with identifiable dysplastic changes
on cytology. The use of cervical cancer screening strategies has largely
improved the general outcome of cervical malignancies globally. Objective: To compare cervical cytological features against human papilloma virus
genotypes in non HIV positive patients presenting for cervical cancer screening
in UPTH. Method: A cross sectional prospective study of 82 non HIV
positive women who presented for cervical cancer screening at the University of
Port Harcourt Teaching hospital. A prestructured questionnaire was used to
obtain socio demographic information. Cytobrush extracts of cervical samples
were subjected to cytology and human papilloma virus DNA genotyping using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The information
obtained was analyzed using SSPP version 20 and results presented as frequency
tables, percentages and tested for significance using student t-test and chi
square with p value Results: The
mean age of the women was 36.61 ± 7.75 with an age range of 22 - 58
years. The prevalence of HrHPV was 4.88%. Twenty-two of the respondent have
abnormal cytological pattern. While the 4 cases of HrHPV positivity were of
normal cytological pattern and occurred in respondents that were in their reproductive
age, the 22 that showed abnormal cervical cytology were mainly of low grade
squamous intraepithelial lesion (LGSIL). There was no case of high grade
squamous cell intraepithelial lesion (HGSIL). Conclusion: HrHPV
prevalence rate of 4.88% occurring in low socioeconomic class patients. All the
cervical abnormalies were of LGSIL, hence the risk of transformation into
cervical cancer is equally low. There may be no correlation between hrHPV and
cervical cytology in low risk patients.