TITLE:
Metabolic state alteration of neural stem cells controls FAS-mediated apoptosis and neurogenesis
AUTHORS:
Zamawang F. Almemar, Nicole H. Urban, Leal K. Lauderbaugh
KEYWORDS:
Neural Stem Cells; Apoptosis; Neurogenesis; Metabolic Stress
JOURNAL NAME:
Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology,
Vol.4 No.10A,
October
22,
2013
ABSTRACT:
Metabolic stress causes an increased Fas-FasL (receptor-ligand pair) expression in Neural Stem
Cells (NSCs) leading to Fas-induced apoptosis. In this study, we discuss
the exposure of NSCs to different metabolic treatments that provoke cellular
stress responses. We demonstrate that challenging cultured NSCs to ethanol
(ETOH) increased cellular death via Fas-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, we
establish that NSCs cultured under low lipid conditions, in which they were
deprived of essential fatty acids, demonstrated increased cellular survival
rates suggesting an increased ability for these lipid-starved cells to endure
a stressed environment. This was further confirmed by exposing NSCs to low
glucose levels and observing a decrease in percent death in low lipid NSCs.
When stressed, NSCs have increased reactive oxygen levels and are susceptible
to apoptosis. These findings indicate that under starved and stressed
conditions, and in the presence of Fas Ligand (FasL), NSCs pursue fatty acid
oxidation by burning fat as fuel. This may be the key to better understand the
metabolic states of brain tumors and the characteristics of cancer.