TITLE:
From Myeloma to Plasma Cell Leukemia, Persistent Inequalities
AUTHORS:
Mamadou Wague Gueye, Nata Dieng, Maguette Ndoye, Mor Ngom, Sokhna Moumi Mbacké Daffé, Papa Silman Diawara, Macoura Gadji, Ndèye Marième Diagne, Bécaye Fall
KEYWORDS:
Multiple Myeloma, Plasma Cells Leukemia, Personalized Medicine, Risk Stratification
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Blood Diseases,
Vol.13 No.4,
December
8,
2023
ABSTRACT: Multiple myeloma (MM) is both a complex and
heterogeneous disease. Cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities lead to
resistance to treatment and transformation to plasma cell leukemia, which is defined by the presence in circulating
blood of plasma cells over 2 G/L, or more than 20% of leukocytes. It is an
uncommon hematological malignancy with a poor prognosis. Against this backdrop,
we report an observation of multiple myeloma transformed into plasma cell
leukemia diagnosed at the Hôpital Principal de Dakar (HPD) that occurred on a
64-year-old man with a history of thyroidectomy followed for multiple myeloma
presenting with Salmon et Durie stage IIIA and ISS stage I. Despite a marked
improvement in management strategy, myeloma remains an almost invariably
incurable disease. However, the development of genetic and molecular biomarkers
is necessary to improve its prognosis.