TITLE:
Non-Chemotherapy Medullary Aplasia in the Pediatric Oncology Unit of the Gabriel Touré Teaching Hospital, Bamako
AUTHORS:
Pierre Togo, Ibrahim Ahamadou, Tati Simaga, Abdoul Karim Doumbia, Fousseyni Traoré, Oumar Coulibaly, Djénéba Konaté, Salif Zigmé, Adama Dembélé, Mohamed Elmouloud Cissé, Belco Maïga, Karamoko Sacko, Hawa Gouro Diall, Boubacar Ali Touré, Amadou Touré, Yacouba Aba Coulibaly, Aminata Doumbia, Hawa Konaré, Kalirou Traoré, Souleymane Sagara, Abdoul Aziz Diakité, Fatoumata Dicko, Cheick Bougadari Traoré, Boubacar Togo
KEYWORDS:
Medullar Aplasia, Children, Bamako
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Pediatrics,
Vol.13 No.6,
November
7,
2023
ABSTRACT: Objectives: The main objective was to study the epidemiological, diagnostic and
therapeutic aspects of medullary aplasia (MA). Methods: This was a
prospective and descriptive retro study conducted from January 1, 2008 to
December 31, 2018 in the pediatric oncology unit of the pediatrics department
of the Gabriel Touré teaching Hospital in Bamako. Results: We collected
29 children’s cases out of 1632 admissions during the study period,
representing a frequency of 1.8% and an incidence of 2.6 cases per year. The
sex ratio was 2.6. The 11 - 15 age group accounted for 45%, with an average age of 8.93 years. The
majority of fathers (55.2%) and mothers (62.1%) had received no education; they
were mainly farmers (62.1%) and housewives (86.2%). The average consultation
time was 92.21 days. Anemia was the reason for consultation in 69% of cases.
Pallor was present on admission in 96.5%; infectious syndrome accounted for
79.3%, anemic syndrome for 51.7% and hemorrhagic syndrome for 27.6%; the three
syndromes were associated in 27.6%. Malaria was associated with bone marrow
aplasia in 58.6%. Anemia was present in 93.1%, neutropenia in 65.5% and thrombocytopenia
in 86.2%. All had received a labile blood product (LBP) transfusion, and 24
(83%) had received antibiotics. Patients were treated with corticosteroids
(58.6%), androgens (20.7%) and
immunosuppressants (20.7%). The death rate was 34.6%. At last count, 15
(83%) had discontinued treatment, 2 (11%) were undergoing treatment and 1 (6%)
was in remission. Conclusion: Effective treatment of MA requires
improved technical facilities and better economic conditions for parents.