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https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(14)70307-9

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: “Going Free Range” an Exploratory Inquiry into the Practice of Open Defecation in the Dungu Community of Tamale, Ghana

  AUTHORS: Akosua Bonsu Karikari, Akua Afriyie Karikari, Nana Afia Karikari

  KEYWORDS: Open Defecation, Ghana, Sanitary Facilities, Health, Environment, Practice

  JOURNAL NAME: Current Urban Studies, Vol.11 No.2, June 29, 2023

  ABSTRACT: Open defecation is prevalent in areas that lack adequate sanitary facilities. The practice undoubtedly causes multiple health concerns not only in areas where it is mostly practiced but transcends to other neighbouring communities. Using qualitative approach as the methodological orientation, the study explored the causes of open defecation and the peculiar behaviours of inhabitants of Dungu to the practice. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were used to solicit information from participants. It was realized from the examined data that the practice was just not about sanitary issues such as insufficient toilets, and unclean toilets but also an attitudinal pattern. The convenience and the fun which characterize “free range” made overt defecation a preferred option. With the prevailing causes, it is suggested that the assembly should work with agencies especially NGOs to help provide more toilets and also intensify education to members of the community on the importance of desisting from open defecation.