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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Myricetin and Hesperidin Inhibit Cerebral Thrombogenesis and Atherogenesis in Apoe-/- and Ldlr-/- Mice

  AUTHORS: Yasuto Sasaki, Kanae Hyodo, Ayana Hoshino, Eri Kisa, Koichi Matsuda, Yoko Horikawa, John C. Giddings

  KEYWORDS: Myricetin, Hesperidin, Atherosclerosis, Apoe-/- and Ldlr-/- Mice, Thrombosis

  JOURNAL NAME: Food and Nutrition Sciences, Vol.9 No.1, January 22, 2018

  ABSTRACT: Flavonoids have been reported to possess strong antioxidant activities that moderate endothelial dysfunction and demonstrate protective effects on cardiovascular disease. Our previous studies confirmed that flavonoids, including hesperidin, naringin and nobiletin, inhibited thrombogenesis and hypertension in stroke prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) by protecting the endothelium from the adverse effects of free radical formation. We have now further investigated the protective effects of myricetin and hesperidin on cerebral thrombosis and atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E (apoE) and lowdensity lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) deficient (Apoe-/- and Ldlr-/- double knockout) mice. Three groups of mice were fed high fat diet alone and high fat diet mixed with myricetin (100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day) or glucosyl hesperidin (G-hesperidin; 250 mg/kg/day and 500 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. There were no differences in body weight related to administration of the flavonoids. Thrombotic tendency was assessed using a He-Ne laser technique in the murine cerebral pial vessels. In addition, atherogenesis was quantified histologically after dissection of the aorta from each mouse and staining with Oil Red O solution. The percentages of stained area to whole area of dissected aorta were calculated as indices of anti-atherogenic activity. Both myricetin and G-hesperidin significantly inhibited thrombogenesis in vivo and significantly inhibited atherogenesis compared to control mice (p