TITLE:
Evaluation of the Expansive Esna Shale and Its Role in the Deterioration of Heritage Buildings at West Bank of Luxor
AUTHORS:
Ahmed Fathi Younes Gelany, Mahmoud M. Abu Zeid, Mahmoud Sayed Abd El-Sadek, Abbas M. Mansour
KEYWORDS:
Heritage, Deterioration, Expansive Soils, Integrated Approach
JOURNAL NAME:
Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection,
Vol.7 No.8,
August
12,
2019
ABSTRACT:
The heritage buildings at the west bank of Luxor were affected by expansive Esna shale differentially from site to others. The
role of expansive Esna shale was evaluated by using X-ray diffraction spectra
(particle size, strain), X-ray fluorescence, basic soil properties test,
swelling test, soil classification, and unconfined compression test. Three
different samples were examined to determine the expansive role in the
deterioration of heritage sites. The expansive is high, according to: (a) Soil
classification based on plasticity index, (b) Classification chart based on the
liquid limit and plastic index, (c) Classification chart based on clay content
and activity, (d) Soil classification, and (e) Swelling pressure which
determines the safety factor. In addition, expansive classification assesses
that Esna shale Formation is one of environmental
hazards characterized by damage role near Nile flood and irrigation area and
characterized by deterioration role in heritage sites far from Nile flood and
irrigation area. This paper refers to evaluation as a main process of
integrated conservation approach.