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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Case Presentation of Preureteral Vena Cava and Review of the Literature

  AUTHORS: Nexhmi Hyseni, Sadik Llullaku, Murat Berisha, Ardian Shefkiu, Salih Grajqevci, Hysni Jashari, Defrim koqinaj, Fjolla Hyseni, Islam Bytyci, Fehim Muqolli

  KEYWORDS: Preuretral Vena Cava; Pediatric Urology

  JOURNAL NAME: Open Journal of Urology, Vol.3 No.5, September 4, 2013

  ABSTRACT: Retrocaval ureter, terms are anatomically descriptive but misleading in regard to development and results from altered vascular development. This anomaly is relatively uncommon, although it has clinical relevance. The ureter typically deviates medially behind the inferior vena cava, winding about and crossing in front of it from a medial to a lateral direction, to resume a normal course, distally, to the bladder. The renal pelvis and upper ureter typically appear elongated and dilated in a “J” or fishhook shape before passing behind the vena cava. Diagnoses were confirmed with intravenous urography and patient had an open surgical repair of the anomaly. The anomaly predominantly involves the right ureter, as was observed in these reported cases. Treatment is surgical allowing for correction of the anomaly with resolution of symptoms