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has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Deconstructing the Glass Ceiling

  AUTHORS: Carol A. Isaac, Anna Kaatz, Molly Carnes

  KEYWORDS: Glass Ceiling; Leadership; Gender, Model; Women; Deconstruction

  JOURNAL NAME: Sociology Mind, Vol.2 No.1, January 9, 2012

  ABSTRACT: Aims: There is a large body of evidence-based research illustrating the challenges faced by women who strive in male-typed careers. The purpose of this paper is to outline and integrate a review of the relevant social psychology research into a model of women’s leadership. Proposed Conceptual Argument: As leadership is stereotypically a masculine dimension, women who emulate agentic characteristics will rise into leadership. However, empirical evidence overwhelmingly illustrates the consequences to agentic women whose competence is simultaneously expected and minimized. Findings/Conclusions: This model raises awareness of complex issues in research for women including: the “promotion of ‘male’ females”, “success does not equal competence”, “agentic women sustain reactive opposition”, “the process of self-selection”, “stereotypic threat”, and “equality equals greed”. Because of the ubiquity of these cognitive distortions, awareness may mitigate antagonism and conflict to propel women into leadership roles.