TITLE:
Anaemia in Pregnancy in an African Setting after Preventive Measures
AUTHORS:
I. Ouedraogo, H. Zamané, A. Y. Sawadogo, S. Kiemtoré, D. P. Kain, A. Ouattara, T. P. Sawadogo, A. Ouedraogo, B. Tieba/Bonané
KEYWORDS:
Anaemia, Pregnancy, Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes
JOURNAL NAME:
Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Vol.9 No.1,
January
4,
2019
ABSTRACT: Background: Anaemia in pregnancy is a public health issue in developing countries
because of its high prevalence and its maternal and perinatal bad outcomes. It
affects 24.8% of the world population and 67.6% of the population in
sub-Saharan Africa. In Burkina Faso, anaemia prevalence is estimated at 68.3%.
In Burkina, preventive measures for anaemia in pregnancy have been implemented
by the ministry of health to reduce its burden. This study aimed to assess the
epidemiological, clinical and the outcomes of anaemia in pregnant women at
OUAHIGOUYA REGIONAL HOSPITAL. Findings will be used to strengthen the
preventives measures for anaemia in pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive and
analytical study was conducted during a four-month period from October, 28th,
2014 to February, 28th, 2015. pregnant women with haemoglobin level
below 11 g/dL
was considered anaemic according to WHO criteria, and who are willing to
participate and who were admitted at the obstetrics and Gynecology department
of the REGIONAL HOSPITAL of OUAHIGOUYA. Results: Four hundred eighty
three pregnant women were anaemic out of eight hundred eighty three women
hospitalized. The prevalence of maternal anaemia was 54.7% with
significant monthly variations. The mean age was 24.7 ± 6.6 years. The women
without non-salary occupation (housewives and pupils) represented 90.1%. A past
medical history of haemoglobin defects (6.6%), twin pregnancies (6.0%), malaria
(23.6%) bleeding during pregnancy (20.3%) were the most frequent. Monitoring
the pregnancy was effective in 91.1% of women. The mean haemoglobin level was
8.8 ± 2.1 g/dL. The outcome was marked with 1.7% and 18.9% maternal and
perinatal death respectively. The most common contributory factors were: Occupational
status, number of prenatal visits, length of treatment with iron and folic
acid, history of malaria, history of haemorrhage and brachial perimeter low (p
0.05). Conclusion:
Maternal anaemia is a major health issue at
the OUAHIGOUYA REGIONAL HOSPITAL in Northern Burkina Faso. Maternal and
perinatal outcomes could be improved by reinforcing the preventive measures but
also by improving the nutritional status and the living conditions of pregnant
women.