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https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4596(85)90217-8

has been cited by the following article:

• TITLE: Novel Cathode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries Derived from Layer Structured Titanate Cs2Ti5O11·(1 + x)H2O

  AUTHORS: Masao Ohashi

  KEYWORDS: Cathode Material, Sodium Ion Battery, Layer Structured Titanate, Environmentally Benign

  JOURNAL NAME: Materials Sciences and Applications, Vol.9 No.6, May 28, 2018

  ABSTRACT: A layer structured titanate Cs2Ti5O11·(1 + x)H2O (x = 0.70) has been prepared in a solid state reaction using Cs2CO3 and anatase type TiO2 at 900°C. Ion exchange reactions of Cs+ in the interlayer space were studied in aqueous solutions. The single phases of Li+, Na+ and H+ exchange products were obtained. The three kinds of resulting titanates were evaluated for use as the cathodes in rechargeable sodium batteries after dehydrations by heating at 200°C in a vacuum. The electrochemical measurements showed that they exhibited the reversible Na+ intercalation-deintercalation in a voltage range of 0.5 - 3.5 V or 0.7 - 4.0 V. The Li+ exchange product showed the best performance of the discharge-charge capacities in this study. The initial Na+ intercalation-deintercalation capacities of the Li2Ti5O11 were 120 mAh/g and 100 mAh/g; the amounts of Na+ correspond to 1.9 and 1.6 of the formula unit, respectively. The titanates are nontoxic, inexpensive and environmentally benign.