Human Discharge and Phytoplankton Takeup for The Atmospheric Carbon Balance
Dongfang Yang, Zhenqing Miao, Yu Chen, Qiang Shi, Huanzhi Xu
DOI: 10.4236/acs.2011.14021   PDF    HTML     4,148 Downloads   6,812 Views   Citations

Abstract

By the data of the Jiaozhou Bay (Shandong, China) from May 1991 to February 1994 and those of Hawaii from March 1958 to December 2007, with the statistics and differential equations analyzed were the seasonal variations in atmospheric carbon in the Northern Pacific Ocean (NPO), and in phytoplankton primary production in the Jiaozhou Bay, and its relationship in the study regions. The study unveiled that the seasonal change of the atmosphere carbon and primary production has the same period. In a year, the primary production and atmosphere carbon had two balance points: the points of May and October, during which the amount of atmosphere carbon decreased. As phytoplankton absorbed atmosphere carbon, When primary production in spring > 181.60 (mg/m2 d) ~ 297.57 (mg/m2 d) or 754.74 (mg/m2 d) ~ 1160.13 (mg/m2 d) in Sept. or 552.94 (mg/m2 d) ~ 890.69 (mg/m2 d) in Oct, the atmosphere carbon fell. Therefore, it is considered that from May to Oct. every year, phytoplankton growing in bloom controlled the increase of atmosphere carbon. From Dec. to next April, human discharging the carbon controlled its increase. The results supported the viewpoint shown by Yang (2010): the variation in atmospheric carbon was determined by human discharge and phytoplankton growth. The result in this paper showed that the earth ecosystem kept the percentage of the decrease amount of atmospheric carbon to its amount taken up by phytoplankton as 1.60% ~ 0.34% and maintained the dynamic balance of carbon by emitted by human being into the atmosphere and absorption of phytoplankton to atmosphere carbon. Therefore, the ecosystem was considered to be of the great power and accuracy.

Share and Cite:

D. Yang, Z. Miao, Y. Chen, Q. Shi and H. Xu, "Human Discharge and Phytoplankton Takeup for The Atmospheric Carbon Balance," Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Vol. 1 No. 4, 2011, pp. 189-196. doi: 10.4236/acs.2011.14021.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] D. F. Yang, J. Zhang, J. B. Lu, Z. H. Gao and Y. Chen, “Examination of Silicate Limitation of Primary Production in the Jiaozhou Bay, North China I. Silicate Being a Limiting Factor of Phytoplankton Primary Production,” Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, Vol. 20, No. 3, 2002, pp. 208-225.
[2] D. F. Yang, J. Zhang, Z. H. Gao, Y. Chen and P. Y. Sun, “Examination of Silicate Limitation of Primary Production in the Jiaozhou Bay, North China II. Critical Value and Time of Silicate Limitation and Satisfaction of the Phytoplankton Growth,” Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, Vol. 21, No. 1, 2003a, pp. 46-63.
[3] D. F. Yang, Z. H. Gao, Y. Chen, J. Zhang and P. G. Wang, “Examination of Silicate Limitation of Primary Production in the Jiaozhou Bay, North China III: Judgment Method, Rules and Uniqueness of Nutrient Limitation among N, P and Si,” Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, Vol. 21, No. 2, 2003b, pp. 114-133.
[4] D. F. Yang, Z. H. Gao, P. Y. Sun, Q. L. Li and L. J. Chen, “The Studies of Phytoplankton Reproduction Capacity,” Marine Sciences, Vol. 27, No. 5, 2003c, pp. 26-28.
[5] D. F. Yang, Z. H. Gao, Y. Chen, P. G. Wang and P. Y. Sun, “Examination of Seawater Temperature’s Influence on Phytoplankton Growth in Jiaozhou Bay, North China,” Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, Vol. 22, No. 2, 2004a, pp. 166-175. doi:10.1007/BF02842589
[6] D. F. Yang, Z. H. Gao, P. Y. Sun, B. Zhao and M. Li, “Spatial and Temporal Variation of the Primary Production Limited by Nutrient Silicon and Water Temperature in Jiaozhou Bay,” Advances in Marine Science, Vol. 24, No. 2, 2006a, pp. 203-212.
[7] D. F. Yang, Z. H. Gao, P. G. Wang, Z. J. Yu and Q. Shi, “Mechanism of Nutrient Silicon and Water Temperature’ Influence on Phytoplankton,” Marine Environmental Science, Vol. 25, No. 1, 2006b, pp. 1-6 .
[8] D. F. Yang, Z. H. Gao, P. Y. Sun, S. Zhao and Y. C. Zhang, “Silicon Limitation on Primary Production and Its Destiny in Jiaozhou Bay, China VI: The Ecological Variation Process of the phytoplankton,” Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, Vol. 24, No. 2, 2006c, pp. 186-203.
[9] D. F. Yang, Z. Q. Miao, Q. Shi, Y. Chen and G. G. Chen, “Silicon Limitation on Primary Production and Its Destiny in Jiaozhou Bay, China VIII: The Variation of Atmospheric Carbon Determined by Both Phytoplankton and Human,” Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, Vol. 28, No. 2, 2010, pp. 416-425. doi:10.1007/s00343-010-9132-0
[10] K. W. Thoning, P. P. Tans and W. D. Komhyr, “Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide at Mauna Loa Observatory: 2. Analysis of the NOAA GMCC Data, 1974-1985,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 24, No. D6, 1989, pp. 8549-8565. doi:10.1029/JD094iD06p08549
[11] W. D. Komhyr, T. B. Harris and L. S. Waterman, “Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide at Mauna Loa Observatory: 1. NOAA GMCC Measurements with a Non-Dispersive Infrared Analyzer,” Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 94, No. D6, 1989, pp. 8533-8547. doi:10.1029/JD094iD06p08533
[12] C. D. Keeling, T. P. Whorf and M. Wahlen, “Interannual Extremes in the Rate of Rise of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide since 1980,” Nature, Vol. 375, 1995, pp. 666-670. doi:10.1038/375666a0
[13] C. D. Keeling, J. F. S. Chin and T. P. Whorf, ‘Increased Activity of Northern Vegetation Inferred from Atmospheric CO2 Measurements,” Nature, Vol. 382, No. 6587, 1996, pp. 146-149. doi:10.1038/382146a0
[14] Y. L. Wu and Y. S. Zhang, “Chlorophyll-a of Jiaozhou Bay and Characteristic Distribution of Primary Productivity,” In: J. H. Dong and N. Z. Jiao eds., Ecology Resources of Jiaozhou Bay, Science Press, Beijing, 1995, pp. 137-149.
[15] D. F. Yang, Z. H. Gao, J. Qin, S. X. Huo and Z. Q. Li, “The Complementary Mechanism of Nutrient Silicon in the Earth Ecosystem,” Advance in Marine Science, Vol. 24, No. 4, 2006d, pp. 407-412.
[16] D. F. Yang, J. P. Wu, Y. F. Qu, J. Hu and Y. R. Zhou, “The Complementary Mechanism of Air and Water Temperatures in the Earth Ecosystem,” Advance in Marine Science, Vol. 25, No. 1, 2007a, pp. 117-122.
[17] D. F. Yang, S. T. Chen, J. Hu, J. P. Wu and H. Huang, “The Important Effect of Light, Water Temperature and Nutrients on Phytoplankton Growth,” Marine Environmental Science, Vol. 26, No. 3, 2007b, pp. 201-207.
[18] D. F. Yang, Y. F. Yin, J. Y. Sun, W. H. Jin and F. Gao, “The Complementary Mechanism of Carbon in the Earth Ecosystem,” Marine Environmental Science, Vol. 28, No. 3, 2009, pp. 101-107.
[19] D. F. Yang, F. Wang, Z. H. Gao, W. L. Cui and S. X. Huo, “Ecological Phenomena of Phytoplankton in Jiaozhou Bay,” Marine Sciences, Vol. 28, No. 6, 2004b, pp. 71-74.
[20] D. F. Yang, Z. J. Yu, K. Zhang, M. Li and D. Y. Jiang, “The Limitation of Nutrient Si Limited for Phytoplankton Growth in the Global Marine Area,” Advances in Marine Science, Vol. 27, No. 5, 2008, pp. 547-553.
[21] D. F. Yang, Z. H. Gao, Y. B. YANG, P. Y. Sun and X. P. Wang, “Silicon Limitation on Primary Production and Its Destiny in Jiaozhou Bay, ChinaⅦ The Complementary Mechanism of the Earth Ecosystem,” Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, Vol. 24, No. 4, 2006e, pp. 401-412. doi:10.1007/BF02842857

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.