Moderating Effects of Self-Confidence and Sport Self-Efficacyon the Relationship between Competitive Anxietyand Sport Performance
Mohammad Ali Besharat, Samane Pourbohlool
.
DOI: 10.4236/psych.2011.27116   PDF    HTML     19,860 Downloads   39,983 Views   Citations

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine moderating effects of self-confidence and sport self-efficacy on the relationship between competitive anxiety and sport performance in a sample of Iranian athletes. A total of 246 volunteer athletes (149 males, 97 females) were included in this study. All participants were asked to complete Multidimensional Competitive Anxiety Questionnaire and Sport Self-Efficacy Scale. To measure the athletes’ sport performance, their coaches were asked to complete the Sport Achevement Scale. The results revealed that self-confidence and sport self-efficacy moderated the relationship between competitive anxiety and sport performance. Analysis of the data revealed that moderating effects of self-confidence for the association of cognitive and somatic dimensions of competitive anxiety with sport performance were partial. On the other hand, the moderating effects of sport self-efficacy for the association of cognitive and somatic dimensions of competitive anxiety with sport performance were full.

Share and Cite:

Besharat, M. & Pourbohlool, S. (2011). Moderating Effects of Self-Confidence and Sport Self-Efficacyon the Relationship between Competitive Anxietyand Sport Performance. Psychology, 2, 760-765. doi: 10.4236/psych.2011.27116.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

References

[1] Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman.
[2] Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 1-26. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.1
[3] Bandura, A. (2006). Guid for constructing self-efficacy scales. In F. Pajares, & T. Urdan (Eds.), Self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents (pp. 307-337). Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing.
[4] Besharat, M. A. (2008). Reliability and Validity of the Sport Self-Effi- cacy Scale. Tehran: University of Tehran. Unpublished.
[5] Besharat, M. A. (2009). Devalopment and validation of the multidimensional competitive anxiety questionnaire. Tehran: University of Tehran. Unpublished.
[6] Besharat, M. A., Abbasi, Q. R., & Shojaoldin, S (2002). An investigation of the relationship between self-esteem and sport achievement among footbalers and wrestlers. Harakat, 12, 31-44.
[7] Burton, D. (1998). Measuring competitive state anxiety. In J. L. Duda (Ed.), Advances in sport and exrecise psychology measurement (pp. 129-148). Morgantown, WV: Fitness Information Technology, Inc.
[8] Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1988). A control-process perspective on anxiety. Anxiety Research, 1, 17-22. doi:10.1080/10615808808248217
[9] Compeau, D., & Higgins, C. (1995). Computer self-efficacy: Development of a measure and initial test. MIS Quarterly, 19, 189-211. doi:10.2307/249688
[10] Craft, L. L., Magyar, T. M., Becker, B. J., & Feltz, D. L. (2003). The relationship between the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 and sport performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 25, 44-65.
[11] Hanin, Y. L. (1986). State-trait anxiety research on sport in the USSR. In C. D. Spielberger, & R. Diaz-Guerrero (Eds.), Cross-cultural anxiety (Vol. 2, pp. 45-64). Washington, DC: Hemisphere Publishing.
[12] Hanton, S., & Connaughton, D. (2002). Perceived control of anxiety and its relationship with self-confidence performance: A qualitative explanation. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 73, 87-97.
[13] Hanton, S., Neil, R., & Mellalieu, S. D., (2008). Recent developments in competitive anxiety direction and competition stress research. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1, 45-57.
[14] Hanton, S., O’Brien, M., & Mellalieu, S. D., (2003). Individual differences, perceived control and competitive trait anxiety. Journal of Sport Behavior, 26, 39-55.
[15] Hardy, L. (1990). A catastrophe model of anxiety and performance. In J. G. Jones, & L. Hardy (Eds.), Stress and performance in sport (pp. 81-106). Chichester: Wiley.
[16] Hardy, L. (1996). A test of catastrophe models of anxiety and sport performance against multidimensional theory models using the method of dynamic differences. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping: An International Journal, 9, 69-86.
[17] Hardy, L., Woodman, T., & Carrington, S. (2004). Is self-confidence a bias factor in higher-order catastrophe models? An exploratory analysis. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 26, 359-368.
[18] Hsu, M., & Chiu, C. (2004). Internet self-efficacy and electronic service acceptance. Decision Support Systems, 38, 369-381. doi:10.1016/j.dss.2003.08.001
[19] Jones, G. (1995). More than just a game: Research developments and issues in competitive anxiety in sport. British Journal of Psychology, 86, 449-478. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8295.1995.tb02565.x
[20] Jones, G., & Hanton, S. (2001). Pre-competitive feeling states and directional anxiety interpretation. Journal of Sports Sciences, 19, 385-395. doi:10.1080/026404101300149348
[21] Jones, G., & Swain, A. B. J. (1992). Intensity and direction dimensions of competitive state anxiety and relationships with competitiveness. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 74, 467-472. doi:10.1080/02640419308730023
[22] Jones, G., Swain, A. B. J., & Hardy, L. (1993). Intensity and direction dimensions of competitive state anxiety and relationship with performance. Journal of Sport Sciences, 11, 533-542.
[23] Lazarus, R. S. (1999). Stress and emotion: A new synthesis. London: Free Association.
[24] Lazarus, R. S. (2000). How emotions influence performance in competitive sports. The Sport Psychologist, 14, 229-252.
[25] Llewellyn, D. J., Sanchez, X., Asghar, A., & Jones, G. (2008). Self- efficacy, risk taking and performance in rock climbing. Personality and Individual Differences, 45, 75-81. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.03.001
[26] Lombardo, E. R., Tan, G., Jensen, M. P., & Anderson, K. O. (2005). Anger management style and association with self-efficacy and pain in male veterans. The Journal of Pain, 6, 765-770. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2005.07.003
[27] Martens, R., Vealey, R. S., & Burton, D. (1990). Competitive anxiety in sport. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
[28] Mellalieu, S. D., Hanton, S., & Fletcher, D (2006). A competitive anxiety review: Recent directions in sport psychology research. In S. Hanton and S. D. Mellalieu (Eds.), Literature reviews in sport psychology (pp. 1-45). Hauppage, NY: Nova Science.
[29] Nicholas, M. K. (2007). The pain self-efficacy questionnaire: Taking pain into account. European Journal of Pain, 11, 153-163. doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2005.12.008
[30] Ntoumanis, N., & Jones, G. (1998). Interpretations of competitive trait anxiety symptoms as a function of locus of control beliefs. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 29, 99-114.
[31] Papastergiou, M. (2010). Enhancing physical education and sport science students’ self-efficacy and attitudes regarding information and communication technologies through a computer literacy course. Computers and Education, 54, 298-308. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.08.015
[32] Raglin, J., & Hanin, Y. (2000). Competitive anxiety and athletic performance. In Y. L. Hanin (Ed.), Emotions in sport (pp. 93-112). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
[33] Robazza, C., & Bortoli, L. (2007). Perceived impact of anger and anxiety on performance in rugby players. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 8, 875-890. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2006.07.005
[34] Swain, A. B. J., & Jones, G. (1993). Intensity and frequency dimensions of competitive state anxiety. Journal of Sports Sciences, 11, 533-542. doi:10.1080/02640419308730024
[35] Torkzadeh, G., Chang, J., & Demirhan, D. (2006). A contingency model of computer and internet self-efficacy. Information and Management, 43, 541-550. doi:10.1016/j.im.2006.02.001
[36] Turk, D. C., & Okifuji, A. (2002). Psychilogical factors in chronic pain: Evolution and Revolution. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 678-690. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.70.3.678
[37] Turner, J. A., Ersek, M., & Kemp, C. (2005). Self-efficacy for managing pain is associated with disability, depression, and pain coping among retirement community residents with chronic pain. Journal of Pain, 6, 471-479. doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2005.02.011
[38] Ursin, H., & Eriksen, H. R. (2004). The cognitive activation theory of stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 29, 567-592. doi:10.1016/S0306-4530(03)00091-X
[39] Woodman, T., & Hardy, L. (2001). Stress and anxiety. In R. Singer, H. A. Hausenblas, & C. M. Janelle (Eds.), Handbook of research on sport psychology (pp. 290-318). New York: Wiley.

Copyright © 2024 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

Creative Commons License

This work and the related PDF file are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.