Pulmonary Complications as a Cause of Death after Renal Transplantation

Ventsislava Pencheva, Daniela Petrova, Diyan Genov, Ognian Georgiev

Clinic of Nephrology and Transplantation, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Department of Propedeutic of Internal Diseases, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.

DOI: 10.4236/ojim.2014.42007                

Abstract

Objectives: To analyse the risk factors for death as a result of pulmonary complications in kidney transplant patients. Material and Methods: 267 patients after renal transplantation were prospectively studied. The kidney recipients were followed for the development of pulmonary complications and their outcome for a period of 7 years. Different noninvasive and invasive diagnostic tests were used in cases suspected for lung disease. Results: Risk factors for death as a result of pulmonary complications are development of lung diseases in the first six months after operation (P < 0.05), and immunosuppressive regimens that include mycophenolate mofetil (HR: 3.216; 95% CI: 1.067 - 5.577; P = 0.011). The factors associated with lower rate of fatal outcome are positive serology test for Cytomegalovirus of the recipient before transplantation (P = 0.034) and use of azathioprine (HR: 0.720; 95% CI: 0.526 - 0.986; P = 0.04). Conclusions: The risk factors may be used to identify patients at increased risk for death due to the pulmonary complications. Strictly monitoring of higher-risk patients can reduce the morbidity and mortality after renal transplantation.

Keywords

Fatal Outcome, Recipient, Immunosuppression

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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