Author(s)

Shengjie Zhu¹, Meiling Li¹, Huijun Z. Ring^2*

¹VitaAI Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA.
²Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Age-related sexual dysfunction and testosterone decline in men are common conditions that affect quality of life and well-being. Herbal therapies, particularly those rooted in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), are gaining popularity as natural alternatives to hormone replacement therapy. This review synthesizes evidence from eight double-blind randomized controlled trials evaluating herbal interventions for male sexual health, including Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali), Lepidium meyenii (Maca), Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fenugreek/Testofen), and a multi-herb topical SS-cream. Findings suggest that these therapies improve sexual function through both hormone-related and hormone-independent mechanisms. Across studies, adverse events were mild and comparable to placebo. In addition to biomedical mechanisms—such as hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis support and nitric oxide (NO) signaling—these herbs align with TCM concepts of yang-tonification, kidney support, and essence nourishment, highlighting their potential as integrative options for male sexual health.

Testosterone, Libido, TCM, Yang Tonic, Kidney Deficiency, Herbal Medicine, Male Sexual Health

Zhu, S.J., Li, M.L. and Ring, H.Z. (2025) Herbal Therapies for Male Sexual Health: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Evidence and Mechanisms. Health, 17, 1087-1100. doi: 10.4236/health.2025.179071.