Author(s)

Thiago de Bessa da Silva^1*, Moisés Cirilo de Brito Souto¹, Max Miller da Silveira¹, Geraldo Andrade de Oliveira², Anderson Zanati Dultra³, Tawfic Awwad Júnior³, Thiago Marques da Costa¹, Rocco Antonio Rangel Rosso Nelson⁴, Thiago Murilo Nobrega Galvão⁵

¹Competence Center in Open Solutions, Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
²Campus Presidente Kennedy, Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.
³Electronic Social Communication Secretary, Ministry of Communications, Brasilia, Brazil.
⁴Campus Natal-Central, Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
⁵Legal Office, Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.

This work is the result of the project Innovative Solution for Generative Artificial Intelligence for Automated Responses, developed within the research group Centro de Competências em Soluções Livres at IFRN (CCSL-IFRN), and addresses the legal challenges related to intellectual property ownership and data protection in the development of language models based on Artificial Intelligence (AI). The study of this topic is relevant due to the insufficiency of current legislation in dealing with issues such as authorship, use of sensitive data, and liability. The objective of this work is to analyze these challenges and propose guidelines for a regulatory framework that balances innovation and the protection of rights. The methodology consists of qualitative research, using a hypothetical-deductive approach, employing bibliographic, documentary, and jurisprudential analysis. Based on the analysis conducted, it is concluded that a specific regulatory framework is necessary to address the peculiarities of language models, ensuring clarity in defining ownership and respecting the rights involved.

Intellectual Property, Language Models, Data Protection, Legal Ownership, Artificial Intelligence

Silva, T. B., Souto, M. C. B., Silveira, M. M., de Oliveira, G. A., Dultra, A. Z., Júnior, T. A., da Costa, T. M., Nelson, R. A. R. R., & Gal-vão, T. M. N. (2025) Intellectual Property in Language Models: Challenges of Ownership in the Integration of Multiple Databases. Beijing Law Review, 16, 257-272. doi: 10.4236/blr.2025.161012.