Author(s)

James A. Morris

Department of Education, University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Lancaster, UK.

Information is the reduction of uncertainty, and uncertainty is equivalent to entropy. Thus, information is negative entropy. Concepts from information theory can be used to analyse physiological and psychological processes and to probe the nature of abstract ideas such as consciousness and vitality. A previously published model of the Universe indicates that it consists of charge and entropy. Since entropy is energy, then charge and energy are enough to explain the whole of nature. The building blocks of molecules (neutrons, protons and electrons) are formed of negative entropy. Complex high information systems (also negative entropy) lead to living organisms and eventually to complex multicellular organisms that are both vital and conscious. Most of the Universe is a void (maximum entropy) but there are tiny foci, such as the surface of the earth, which are information rich. Everything on the earth is composed of negative entropy—from the simplest physical structure to the most complex product of human thought. There is no fundamental difference between mind and matter.

Information, Entropy, Molecules, Consciousness, Vitality

Morris, J. A. (2025) The Universe Consists of Charge and Entropy: Mind and Matter Are Negative Entropy. Open Journal of Philosophy, 15, 64-76. doi: 10.4236/ojpp.2025.151005.