Author(s)

Valentina V. Zharkova^1,2, Irina Vasilieva^2,3

¹Department of MPEE, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, University of Northumbria, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
²ZVS Research Enterprise Ltd., London, UK.
³Department of Solar Physics, Main Astronomical Observatory, Kyiv, Ukraine.

In this paper we emphasize statistical links between solar activity and orbital motion with various terrestrial phenomena: terrestrial temperature, sea levels, ice areas, frequencies of volcanic eruptions, and Oceanic Nino Index (ONI). Solar activity links. The solar activity indices are expressed through the averaged sunspot numbers SSN and the summary curve of eigen vectors of the solar background magnetic field (SBMF). The terrestrial temperature (GLB dataset), global sea level, and volcanic eruption frequencies are shown from the wavelet analysis to have a clear link to the SBMF index, which has the same significant period of 21.4 years. The ice and snow areas in the Northern hemisphere are found to vary with a period of 10.7 years equal to the usual sunspot activity cycle while in the Southern hemispheres, no links to solar activity are detected. Solar orbital motion links. The variations of total solar irradiance (TSI) measured from the abundance of ¹⁴C isotope during the Holocene are shown to have a similar period of 2200-2300 years (Hallstatt’s cycle) as the solar inertial motion (SIM) induced by the gravitation of large planets, In the current millennium the amount of TSI deposited on Earth in the March-September to Northern hemisphere is ≈1.2% higher than in the September to March in the Southern hemisphere. The wavelet analysis of ONI revealed the two significant periods of 4.5 and 12 years. The first one is shown to have a link to the lunar perigee period variations while the second period is linked to the Jupiter period of revolution about the Sun whose gravitation seems to trigger terrestrial tectonic processes leading to volcanic eruptions. The ONI variation is noticeably linked to the occurrence of underwater volcanic eruptions (correlation of 25%), which, in turn, are linked to the tidal forces of Jupiter, the Moon and the Sun in its inertial motion. Joint effects of the solar activity and the solar and planetary orbital motion are likely to govern the current changes in the terrestrial environment defining continuing climate change.

Terrestrial Temperature, Terrestrial Sea Level, Terrestrial Ice Areas, El Nino Southern Oscillation, Volcanic Eruptions, Underwater Volcanic Eruptions, Solar Magnetic Field, Solar Activity, Solar Inertial Motion, Correlation, Jupiter Revolution Period, Lunar Perigee Period

Zharkova, V.V. and Vasilieva, I. (2025) Links of Terrestrial Environment with Solar Activity and Solar and Planetary Orbital Motion. Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, 15, 72-105. doi: 10.4236/acs.2025.151004.