Author(s)

Innocent Allepo Abe^1*, Martial Kassi N’Djetchi¹, Mélika Barkissa Traore¹, Flora Yao², Thomas Konan Konan¹, Paulin Didier Sokouri³, Ibrahim Konate⁴, Mathurin Koffi¹

¹Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Gestion durable des Ecosystèmes Tropicaux, Unité de Recherche en Génétique et Epidémiologie Moléculaire (URGEM), UFR Environnement Université Jean Lorougnon Guédé, Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire.
²Laboratoire d’Agrovalorisation, UFR Agroforesterie, Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede, Daloa, Cote d’Ivoire.
³Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Agriculture et Valorisation des ressources biologiques, UFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
⁴Laboratoire d’Amelioration de la production agricole, Unite de Recherche en Genetique et Epidemiologie Moleculaire (URGEM), UFR Agroforesterie, Universite Jean Lorougnon Guede, Daloa, Côte d’Ivoire.

The increase and spread of bacterial resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics are reported in many infections and are a real public health problem worldwide. Drug pressure is a factor that favors the emergence of a population of better adapted bacteria. However, there is no literature highlighting the genetic diversity and evolutionary structure of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in an environment with high selection pressure in Côte d’Ivoire. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains circulating at the HKB Hospital in Abobo and at the Daloa Regional Hospital and its impact on the dissemination of extended spectrum beta-lactam resistance genes. A total of 39 strains isolated from the urinary tract of infected patients, including 30 strains of E. coli and 9 strains of K. pneumoniae were studied. A total of 39 strains isolated from the urinary tract of infected patients, including 30 strains of E. coli and 9 strains of K. pneumoniae were studied. From genomic DNA extracts, ESBL resistance genes were amplified by PCR and sequenced, in addition to genetic typing by ERIC-PCR. The data obtained were submitted to genetic and bioinformatics analyses. The results have shown a genetic diversity important in E. coli and K. pneumoniae with diversity indexs (SID) ranging from 0.5 to 0.77. The genetic structure of the bacterial species studied has shown a clonal distribution of strains with clones expressing TEM-9 and CTX-M-15 variants. Also, this clonal structure was correlated with the spread of resistance genes in E. coli and K. pneumoniae. The spread of resistant clones is a factor that might limit the fight against antibiotic resistance.

Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Extended-Spectrum β-Lactam, Antibiotic Resistance, Genetic Diversity

Abe, I. , N’Djetchi, M. , Traore, M. , Yao, F. , Konan, T. , Sokouri, P. , Konate, I. and Koffi, M. (2024) Impact of Genetic Diversity of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains on the Dissemination of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactam Resistance Genes in Côte d’Ivoire. American Journal of Molecular Biology, 14, 230-244. doi: 10.4236/ajmb.2024.144017.