Author(s)

Mariama Sadjo Diallo^1,2,3*, Djiba Kaba^1,2#*, Charles Tchibinda Delicat⁴, Issiaga Diallo^1,2, Boh Fanta Diane^1,4, Doufin Traore^1,2, Ousmane Niabaly², Oumar Mouctar Diallo^1,2, Ouo-Ouo Yaramon Kolie², Aly Patrice Kamano², Pascal Koivogui², Ahmed Sékou Keita⁴, Mohamed Macire Soumah^1,4, Thierno Mamadou Tounkara^1,4, Mohamed Cisse^1,4

¹Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de la Santé, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinée.
²Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Nestor Bangoura/Helene Labrousse, Hôpital de Jour Donka, CHU Donka, Conakry, Guinée.
³Centre d’Excellence Africain Pour la Prévention et le Contrôle des Maladies Transmissibles, Conakry, Guinée.
⁴Service de Dermatologie-Vénérologie, CHU Donka, Conakry, Guinée.

The antiretroviral treatment (ART) has significantly reduced the number of new HIV/AIDS infections and related deaths. However, cases of immunovirological discordance (IVD) are found in various locations. The objective of this study was to determine the profile of People living with HIV (PLHIV) with IVD and to identify associated factors. We conducted a cross-sectional study based on the records of PLHIV under ART for at least 6 months, followed at Hôpital de Jour Donka from 2015 to 2017, and having both viral load (CV) and CD4 T-cell count. Prevalence of IVD was 34.57%, with 23.87% for immunological discordance (ID) and 10.7% for virological discordance (VD). Females were predominant (66.26%), and male gender influenced IVD with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.006) and was associated with VD (p = 0.007). The average age was 38.77 ± 11.30 years. PLHIV were classified at WHO stages 3 and 4 (86.01%). The median initial haemoglobin level was 11.5 g/L [3.2 - 12]. The mean initial CD4 T-cell count was 272.84 cells/mm³ ± 201.6. The median initial viral load (VL) was 147,337 copies/mL [1092 - 31,675,000]. The initial CD4 T-cell count < 200 cells/mm³ was associated with IVD with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0009) and correlated with ID (p = 0.000). Prurigo was associated with IVD with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.003). Cerebral toxoplasmosis was not associated with IVD but was associated with ID (p = 0.04). This study allowed us to describe the profile of PLHIV with IVD. The main associated factors were male gender, initial CD4 T-cell count < 200 cells/mm³, toxoplasmosis, prurigo, and herpes zoster.

HIV, Antiretroviral Treatment (ART), Immunovirological Discordance, Donka, Guinea

Diallo, M. , Kaba, D. , Delicat, C. , Diallo, I. , Diane, B. , Traore, D. , Niabaly, O. , Diallo, O. , Kolie, O. , Kamano, A. , Koivogui, P. , Keita, A. , Soumah, M. , Tounkara, T. and Cisse, M. (2024) Immunovirological Discordance and Associated Factors among People Living with HIV under Antiretroviral Treatment at Hôpital de Jour de Donka, Guinea. Open Journal of Medical Microbiology, 14, 93-104. doi: 10.4236/ojmm.2024.142008.