Author(s)

Ana María Colino Gallardo^1#, Montserrat de la Torre Serrano^1#, Lone Nielsen², Alejandro Pascual Martín¹, Concepción Millana de Ynes¹, María Jesús González Fuensalida¹, Patricia Barreiro Sanabria¹, Eva Rodríguez Escudero¹, Dolores García López¹, Aranzazu Gómez Rodríguez¹, Rosa Rodero Villanueva¹, María Jesús Fernández Aceñero^1,3,4*

¹Department of Surgical Pathology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
²Department of Surgical Pathology, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Madrid, Spain.
³Grupo de Investigación en Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain.
⁴Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Surgical Pathology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Background: The main objective of this study is to describe the rate of the different serotypes of HPV in cervical cytologies and biopsies in three different periods: 2002-2006 (prior to the implementation of the vaccination programs in Spain), 2009-2011 (shortly after this implementation) and 2020 (almost 15 years after introduction of the vaccine) at a single hospital. Methods: This is an observational, descriptive, retrospective study based on the review of the results of the determination of the HPV serotype using the commercial kit (Genomica^®; PharmaMar LTD) in cervical liquid-based cytologies and biopsies at a single large tertiary hospital, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, in Madrid, Spain. We have collected the data from three different time periods: 2002-2006; 2009-2011, and 2020 to try to understand the potential changes associated with the use of the vaccine. Results: In these time periods we have reviewed the data from 1420 women. In the three periods the most frequent serotype was HPV 16, followed by HPV 18 or a combination of both. The most frequent low risk serotype was HPV 6 followed by the combination of HPV 6 and 11. It has been verified in our study that the prevalence of the category “others”, constituted by the three risk groups, has undergone a progressive increase, beginning with an infection rate of 65.43% in 2002-2006 to finally rise up to 90.92% in the year 2020. Conclusions: Our study reveals an increase in the number of infections by the HPV serotypes that are not included in the tetravalent vaccine.

HPV, Serotypes, Cervix, Vaccine, Women’s Health

Gallardo, A. , Serrano, M. , Nielsen, L. , Martín, A. , de Ynes, C. , Fuensalida, M. , Sanabria, P. , Escudero, E. , López, D. , Rodríguez, A. , Villanueva, R. and Aceñero, M. (2023) Changes in the Rate of Human Papilloma Virus Serotypes after Vaccine Implementation: A Descriptive Study. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 13, 934-949. doi: 10.4236/ojog.2023.135080.