Author(s)

Ahmat Mahamat Ahmat¹, Mahamat Ali Bolti^2,3, Fissou Henry Yandai^2,4,5, Hamit Mahamat Alio^2,3, Martin-Paul Baane⁶, Mayoré Atéba Djibrine^5,7, Evariste Bako⁵, Nicolas Barro⁵, Choua Ouchemi³

¹Ecole Doctorale Sciences Techniques et Environnement, Université de N’Djamena, N’Djamena, Tchad.
²Centre Hospitalier Universitaire la Renaissance (CHU-R), N’Djamena, Tchad.
³Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Humaine, Université de N’Djamena, N’Djamena, Tchad.
⁴Institut de Recherche en Elevage pour le Développement (IRED), N’Djamena, Tchad.
⁵Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, d’Epidémiologie et de Surveillance des Bactéries et Virus Transmissibles par les Aliments (LaBESTA), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
⁶Hôpital de la Caisse Nationale de Prévoyance Sociale, Maroua, Cameroun.
⁷Institut National Supérieur du Sahara, Iriba, Tchad.

Background: Urinary Tract infections and pus are major public health problems. The evolution of bacterial resistance to antibiotics makes the treatment of these infections problematic. This is why this study is undertaken to identify and evaluate the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to antibiotics. Methods: This is a prospective study carried out from December 2020 to November 2021. The germs were isolated on the agar supplemented with cetrimide and identified by the API 20 NE gallery method according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The strains’ resistance profiles were determined by the diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton according to the criteria EUCAST- 2021. Results: A total of 46/1467 (3.13%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified, of which 29/1008 (2.87%) were urinary tract infections and 17/459 (3.70%) were pus. The high resistances were: 97.8% to ceftazidim, 91.3% to aztreonam, 93.5% to cefepim, 82.6% to piperacillin, 58.7% to levofloxacin, 52.2% to amikacin, 47.8% to tazobactam-piperacillin, 47.8% to tobramycin and 43.5% to ciprofloxacin. Low resistance was only 2.2% to fosfomycin, 2.2% to colistin and 15.2% to imipenem. Conclusion: This study reveals the considerable resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to commonly used antibiotics, and thus compromises the empirical treatment practiced in hospitals. This result motivates the need to carry out susceptibility testing of isolates before any prescription of antimicrobials.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Resistance to Antibiotics, Urine, Pus, N’Djamena

Ahmat, A. , Bolti, M. , Yandai, F. , Alio, H. , Baane, M. , Djibrine, M. , Bako, E. , Barro, N. and Ouchemi, C. (2023) Antimicrobial Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Human Infections in N’Djamena, Chad. Open Journal of Medical Microbiology, 13, 17-30. doi: 10.4236/ojmm.2023.131002.