Author(s)

Armel Edwige Mewoli^1,2*, César Segovia³, Fabien Betene Ebanda^1,2, Atangana Ateba^1,2, Pierre Marcel Anicet Noah^1,2, Benoit Ndiwe⁴, Abel Emmanuel Njom⁵

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, ENSET, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.
²Laboratory of Mechanics, University of Douala, Cameroon, Douala, Cameroon.
³CETELOR, University of Lorraine, CETELOR/27 rue Philippe SEGUIN, Epinal, France.
⁴Laboratory of Mechanics, Materials, and Modelization, National School of AGRO-Industrial Sciences (ENSAI) Physics Application and Engineering, Ngaoundere University, Ngaoundere, Cameroon.
⁵Laboratory of Mechanics, Materials, Structures and Integrated Manufacturing, National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon.

The project consists in the implementation of a biocomposite based on tannin resin and natural rubber matrices with the bast fibres of Triumfetta cordifolia A.Rich.“Okong” from the equatorial region of Cameroon as reinforcement. A study of this still little known fibre is necessary. This paper evaluates the physico-chemical and mechanical characteristics of the fibers. The fibers are extracted by us. A series of experiments is conducted for this purpose: morphological observation with a scanning electron microscope (SEM); density evaluation with a helium pycnometer; absorption rate evaluation according to the protocol available in the literature, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FT-IR), chemical composition evaluation according to ASTM 1972 and ASTM 1977 standards, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile tests on fiber bundles according to NF T25-501-3. The results show that the fiber is made up of several elementary fibers with oval cross-sections. A density of 1.477g/cm³ close to that of hemp. These fibers have a water absorption rate of 342.5%, which correlates with the presence of free hydroxyl functional groups obtained from the spectrometry study (FT-IR). Chemical analysis reveals that the fiber is made up of celluloses (44.4%), hemicelluloses (30.8%), lignins (18.9%), pectins (3.3%), waxes (0.5%) and minerals (2.1%). In addition, we learn that the fibers studied dehydrate at 11.49%, showinga notable thermal stability around 235°C with a peak thermal decomposition of cellulose located at 420°C. In terms of mechanical behaviour, the results reveal that the fibers offer a Young’s modulus in traction of 12.4 ± 6.9 GPa, a tensile strength of 526 ± 128 MPa and an elongation at break of 2.25%. The information thus obtained makes it possible to place these fibers in the same fiber group as flax and jute. They could therefore be used for the same types of applications. They also inform us that these fibers can withstand the temperatures of composite shaping by thermocompression.

Triumfetta cordifolia Fibers, Morphology, Chemical Analysis, Thermal Degradation, Mechanical Behavior

Mewoli, A. , Segovia, C. , Ebanda, F. , Ateba, A. , Noah, P. , Ndiwe, B. and Njom, A. (2020) Physical-Chemical and Mechanical Characterization of the Bast Fibers of Triumfetta cordifolia A.Rich. from the Equatorial Region of Cameroon. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering, 8, 163-176. doi: 10.4236/jmmce.2020.84011.