Author(s)

Roi Tschernichovsky¹, Lauren Philp², Annekathryn Goodman^2*

¹Institute of Oncology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.
²Division of Gynecologic Oncology Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Patients receiving chemotherapy have reported cognitive challenges including short-term memory loss and reduced executive functioning. While cognitive decline can be multifactorial and related to aging, depression, surgery, and other medications, there has been a steadily increasing body of knowledge showing a significant association between cognitive decline and chemotherapy administration. This clinical review summarizes patient-reported cognitive changes, support from neuroimaging and neuropsychological testing. The mechanism of action of and patient susceptibilities to cognitive decline are reviewed. Current behavioral and pharmacologic interventions are discussed. There is a need to identify patients at risk for developing chemotherapy induced cognitive decline and to screen for early signs of cognitive deterioration. The risk of cognitive dysfunction and possible interventions should be included in the informed consent discussion with patients who are undergoing cytotoxic treatments.

Chemotherapy, Cognitive Decline, Cognitive Impairment, Chemo-Brain, Chemo-Fog, Cancer Survivorship, Quality of Life

Tschernichovsky, R. , Philp, L. and Goodman, A. (2019) Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Decline: Moving from the Mechanistic Debate towards Prevention and Treatment—A Clinical Review. Journal of Cancer Therapy, 10, 985-1012. doi: 10.4236/jct.2019.1012084.